Sekandar Riaz Khan I can guide you on how to develop or find such a scale:
Literature Review: Conduct a comprehensive literature review on peer influence and peer pressure among university students. Identify existing studies that have developed scales or measurement tools to assess these constructs. Look for articles in academic journals, books, and research databases that focus on psychology, sociology, education, or related fields.
Existing Scales: Once you've identified relevant literature, examine the methodologies and measurement instruments used in previous studies. Some researchers may have developed and validated scales to measure peer influence or peer pressure among university students. Check the appendices or supplementary materials of these studies for details on the scales used.
Adaptation or Modification: If you find an existing scale that aligns with your research objectives and context, consider adapting or modifying it to suit your specific needs. Ensure that any modifications maintain the validity and reliability of the scale. You may need to seek permission from the original authors and conduct pilot testing to validate the adapted scale.
Consultation and Expert Input: Seek input from experts in psychology, sociology, or measurement theory to guide the development or adaptation of your scale. Consult with faculty members, advisors, or researchers who have expertise in the area of peer influence or peer pressure to ensure the validity and reliability of your measurement instrument.
Pilot Testing and Validation: Once you've developed or adapted a scale, conduct pilot testing with a sample of university students to assess its reliability, validity, and appropriateness. Use statistical techniques such as factor analysis, reliability analysis, and criterion-related validity to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale.
Ethical Considerations: Ensure that your research complies with ethical guidelines and principles, particularly regarding informed consent, confidentiality, and participant rights. Obtain approval from your university's Institutional Review Board (IRB) or ethics committee before administering the scale to participants.