I am wondering what is the state of the art in low voltage, high-speed electrical machines in the power range of 1 - 2 MW and rotational speed range of 30000 - 50000 rpm?
For any A.C machine rotating field speed is important for it's speed and is depends on pole developed by winding or the design Ns=120f/P, where f the frequency of supply voltage and P the pole developed, hence speed is not depending on voltage magnitude. Though voltage should be sufficient to overcome the no load losses(core loss,friction windage) for the machine. Thus speed fo 2 pole, 50 Hz would be Ns= 120(50)/2=3000 r.p.m.