1. During charging Li ion moves from cathode to anode means lithium ion will go inside the anode structure. But if we are already using Lithium metal as a anode then where lithium ion from cathode will go during charging?
2. and why we always check electrode material whether cathode or anode with respect to lithium metal as reference electrode?
It depends always to which reference electrode your potential refers to! This potential is then intentionally set to 0V.
-3.05V is the potential of Li vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE).
ie: Li vs SHE is -3.05V but Li vs Li is 0V
You can always re-calculate the measured potential to another reference electrode.For example, a cathode-potential of 4V vs Li corresponds to: 4V - 3.05V= 0.95V vs SHE-electrode
The other questions:
1. Lithium will plate on the surface of the Li-anode.
2. Lithium is used as it is easy to use and has a relatively stable potential. Furthermore the potential is close to that of graphite which is used as anode in commercial batteries.
It depends always to which reference electrode your potential refers to! This potential is then intentionally set to 0V.
-3.05V is the potential of Li vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE).
ie: Li vs SHE is -3.05V but Li vs Li is 0V
You can always re-calculate the measured potential to another reference electrode.For example, a cathode-potential of 4V vs Li corresponds to: 4V - 3.05V= 0.95V vs SHE-electrode
The other questions:
1. Lithium will plate on the surface of the Li-anode.
2. Lithium is used as it is easy to use and has a relatively stable potential. Furthermore the potential is close to that of graphite which is used as anode in commercial batteries.
dear Rakesh Saroha,
a standard (hydrogen) electrode is not permitted to implement in class of common lithium cells. However we know the potential of Li vs. SHE ( -3.05V) from specific measurements. For offset (another reference) electrodes get a hint implemented in an analog example frorn airplanes having two reference levels as useful altimeters e.g. the 1)sea level and the 2)ground level. For more, see my old answer in the link https://www.researchgate.net/post/Why_does_a_current_flow_in_a_three_electrode_conventional_electrochemical_cell_like_in_CH_Instruments_or_Auto_Lab_potentiostatat_0V_vs_Ag_AgCl/1
Thank you very much Clemens for you answer.
Answer of question 1 which is asked in sub question section , can you give some reference or some text where this could possibly be explained?
Thank you loannis.
Can you please give some hints about question 1 in sub question part?
dear Rakesh Saroha, about Q1a (Li-metal),
Li+, as ion-solute complex, exist only in the Li-metal electrode e.g. inside the interface Li//Electrolyte (LE), apart the electrolyte. Displacement may occur due to an electrochemical potential perturbation that will force
either Li+ from the LE to plate the Li-metal electrode's surface (see ref1), because there is no driving force to get far inside the metal
or de-plating to replace Li+ drained out from the LE interface towards another electrode, because the average Li+ concentration in the electrolyte (far from the LE) is a constant value. This is the reaction constant K(T) of the salts-solute. It depends mainly on the temperature T and other electrolyte's additives.
ref1 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koch_snowflake
can we use ag/agcl reference electrode for testing of lithium ion battery material in 3 electrode cell?
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