I think your try to modify the strength of stir- welded joint by add a nanoparticle, and yes the XRD is useful for your work to compare those pattern of the base metal with those in welded area and its also you can find from the welded area what phase generated during the welded, if they have advantage on your weld or diverse effect could be weaken the joint. However, with the nanoparticles the peaks tend to be broad in general, and the phase generated in the spot area so important to understand.
XRD will give you what phases (or composition) or elements you have in your sample. So you can analyze which phases you will have in your welded part. XRD gives a raw file which has some peaks with different intensities. You have to compare these peaks with references to find out what are your composition. Each peak shows the diffraction from a certain set of crystallographic planes in the material.
It should be considered that XRD has around 5% error.
You get structural characterization of the material using XRD.
It give accurate results about crystalline nature and structure of materials used. Calibrate your XRD before doing experiments if you thing some error is cumming. Use Si standards for calibration. Some how first you initiate your work, lets hope best results!
Thank you very much for your answers. Also I want to know, according to type of base materials and nano-particles, can we guess the peak elements before test?
Mehdi, I recommend you select a characterization technique based in the characteristics that you want to investigate of your material, in the case of XRD could be used for Crystalline structural information, EBSD I believe is a great technique for identify microstructural characteristics, and phases.