Tolman used a well known method in General Relativity setting ds to zero.
c'/c = 1- 2MG/rc2
Light is shown slowing down when approaching a large gravity source.
c is in flat space.
Dicke used a modified relativity.
c'/c = 1+ 2MG/rc2
Light is shown speeding up when approaching a large gravity source.
If Dicke is correct GR needs to be changed.
Peter Bergmann had a different opinion, that the change is apparent to some observers not real. Many researchers support this theory.
Gravitational red shift seems to change wave lengths, but does not answer the quesrion since constant light speed is assumed.
Is Variable Light Speed In Curved Space Described By Tolman Or Dicke?
Substantial proof is needed when questioning GR.
Gravitational red shift might provide proof.
Article Does Quantum Mechanics Clash with the Equivalence Principle ...
Kinetic energy of light is suggesting in the LaGrange Function that Einstein was correct and gravity repels light. Dicke would be correct if mass equivalent of energy is used, but mass is a potential energy which adds to gravity curvature, unlike kinetic energy.
It seems that mass (as a scalar? = on-shell) adds more potential energy than light adds kinetic energy, so near mass potential energy 'wins'? This would also create some zitterbewegung of gravity? This can be what cause the Casimir force as instance? Or as photoelectric effect?
Maybe it is so simple that kinetic energy becomes potential energy near mass? It would then be seen as an increase of mass related to the square of radius in gravity?
Ulla Mattfolk Thank you for reply.
The small scale must be fairly simple, maybe not well understood.
CMB should make potential and kinetic energies in about equal numbers of quanta, mostly long ago when CMB was stronger. Kinetic has momentum vector which must always be conserved. So Dark Energy does not become Dark Matter except in seldom occurring collisions. In principle two DE quanta could collide occasionally making two DM quanta.
DE is repelled by gravity while DM is attracted by gravity.
Somehow mass must control how much DM is around it to avoid gradual increase of each mass.
Flat space needs ZPE and Planck Energy to be partitioned nearly equal as potential and kinetic. Plank energy is derivable partitioned, while ZPE is derived (1/2)hf all kinetic. One possibility is that ZPE derives from one half cycle of Planck oscillators.
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