Dear Dnyaneshwar Hilal Pawar ,

First of all please specify what kind of sedimentation do you mean. In the river delta, on the adjacent continental shelf or in the river valley.

In principle, there are no universal equations which would permit to assess sediment accumulation rate from hydrological data only. If you have also data on suspended load in the river then you may estimate at least the rate of sediment delivery and in specific cases you may discuss on sediment accumulation rate in a particular setting. However, please be aware that sediment accumulation is not only a function of sediment supply but also of a number of acting processes and accomodation space. Several works were conducted to find a relation between accumulation rate and sediment supply, however, there are site specific. For instance an attempt to find a relation between river discharge, sediment flux, sedimentation rate and sediment accumulation rate you may find  in a pilot study by Damrat et al. 2013 (http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/554damra.pdf)

Dear Dnyaneshwar Hilal Pawar ,

First of all please specify what kind of sedimentation do you mean. In the river delta, on the adjacent continental shelf or in the river valley.

In principle, there are no universal equations which would permit to assess sediment accumulation rate from hydrological data only. If you have also data on suspended load in the river then you may estimate at least the rate of sediment delivery and in specific cases you may discuss on sediment accumulation rate in a particular setting. However, please be aware that sediment accumulation is not only a function of sediment supply but also of a number of acting processes and accomodation space. Several works were conducted to find a relation between accumulation rate and sediment supply, however, there are site specific. For instance an attempt to find a relation between river discharge, sediment flux, sedimentation rate and sediment accumulation rate you may find  in a pilot study by Damrat et al. 2013 (http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/554damra.pdf)

Yes ! I should have mentioned the specific segment (phase) of river, however I work for river valley. I meant to say through question that,  is there standard model of estimation of sedimentation ?, may be for instance mathematical model with some constant values for ideal condition e.g. geology, altitude, gradient, aspect etc. However, I, humbly display my sincere gratitude to you that you answered my question. thank you.        

Pawar one precise method for qunatifying the sediment will be to deploy sediment trap. If you are intrested in average figures annually you may take a sediment core and date it using 210Pb and 137 Cs dating. or you may look for Th/U disequilibrium and that can indicate verticall sediment flux. 

While some researchers have estimated sediment delivery to the ocean using watershed characteristics, http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/30068527?uid=3739568&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21104677742953, it would be useful to adapt an empirical approach if the data area available. Developing a discharge-sediment relationship or rating curve would require much data, but if you have already measured suspended or bed-load in prior years, you can relate that to discharge records. If you are interested in short-term variability, a hysteretic effect for bedload and suspended load will make it more difficult (greater sediment mobilization occurs on the rising limb of a flood and lower mobilization on the receding limb). This may complicate estimates of sedimentation based on discharge. If you are interested in more long-term sediment aggradation, using lead or cesium dating, as mentioned by Dr. Uddin, could constrain stratigraphy. If you do not have decades of discharge data, this may be challenging. Discharge records, however, can be extended using tree core data such as the work done by Jonathan M. Friedman. If you are interested in any of these techniques or specific references, let me know and I can share.

Dear Dnyaneshwar Hilal Pawar ,

The rate of sedimentation is highly dependent upon the hydrologic regime, the rate of turbulence (!) and the type of sediments considered.Sediment particles interact substantially differently with the hydraulics depending upon their characteristics (grain size distribution (d50 is not enough)), density, shape of particles,...). In general, the basic rule in hydro-sedimentology relates to sediment-sorting affecting both median grain-size, skewness and sorting of the PDF. Numerical models might be a first approximation but they should be iterative to take into account the progressive morphological evolution in the riverbed. very few reliable models seem to exist in this respect.

If you'd tell us some more about your specific case, maybe we'd be able to give you more precise answers.

There are many many factors that influence sediment deposition.  In some locations there are general metrices of how much sediment gets trapped before going to oceans or lakes.  Schenk et al. 2013.  However if you want to get a real number you need to set up a study,  Hupp et al. 2007.  or measure sediment going in and going out.  Every floodplain and river interaction is different and there are differences along the river from headwater to tidal, Kroes et al. 2007 and Kroes and Hupp 2010.  But without a regional metric of sediment deposition on floodplains you would need more than what you have.  Sediment concentration is pretty important also

Dear Dr. Hilal Dnyaneshwar Pawar

If you have measurements of the hydraulic geometry of the channel, note the relationship between the width, depth, velocity and discharge in the case of an alluvial channel! because if the channel has decreased depth and width is maintained, this may be an indication that there is settling and you can generate a model from the relationship of these data.

Dear Dr. Hilal Dnyaneshwar Pawar:

Professor Åke Sundborg developed a method and applied it in the Cachi Reservoir in Costa Rica. Check the "trap efficiency" in this paper.

Article Measurement and quantification of a sedimentation budget for...