river bed mining includes the extraction of sand, boulder, and stones; unscientific river bed mining has an adverse impact on different environmental components. Modeling will help to assess the potential impact.
Article Environmental Impact of River Bed Mining-A Review
Article Impact of river channelization and riverfront development on...
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Instream mining can result in a number of channel and bank impacts. Dr. Matt Kondolf (California) has various papers including the one on Clean Water Effect. I believe it was a book or paper by Dunn who suggested if instream mining was necessary, developing an annual sand and gravel budget, and conduct mining within that framework to avoid excessive channel adjustments, such as upstream degradation or avulsion, erosion and undercutting of downstream banks and point bars, undercutting bank trees in cases causing rotational failures for example.
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