Hello
In fact annealing your sample will increase the crystallinity and may cause, at high temperatures, some particles sintering.
So the grain size will increase and the dominant peak becomes sharper (because the same wavelength is hitting one particle instead of hitting small particles of the same orientation).
One thing that may also cause modification in the XRD pattern is the formation of some rutile phase above 500 °C.
The thing that you should consider is that no peak shifting should occur if you are not modifying your TiO2. By that I mean that the peak shape may change (from large to sharp) by annealing but it must stay at 2theta = 25,33 ° for (101) anatase main peak.
Good luck
Regards
Loraine
Thanks lot Lorraine. This is helpful. Do you have any specific reference articles that can assist in my discussions of my results. If you can share a few i would be more than grateful. If possible can i share my results and discussion for your review.
Hello
Yes I will find in my files some interesting references that you can check.
Feel free to ask questions
Regards
Loraine
Hello again,
Here you can find 2 attachments that could help you understand the concepts more clearly. If I find more interesting references on non-modified TiO2, I will send them. Feel free to ask questions.
Also thank you Muzaffar for recommending my answer
Regards
Loraine
Dear Prof Marcos Augusto
I have been working on the evaluation of the effect of annealing temperature on titanium dioxide nano tubes prepared on functional substrates and i have witnessed the following observations.
(1) The estimated crystal lite size increased with increase in the annealing temperature without any phase transformation within the investigated temperature range. Increase in crystal lite size was generally expected similar observations have been extensively reported for both single and noncrystalline titanium dioxide nanopraticles. However increase in crystal lite sizes was normally reported to be accompanied by phase transformation (A-R) as the Ru tile phase is favored for at large particle sizes above 35 nm. Our results have shown no phase transformation. How else best can i interpret and explain these observation. Scientifically.
(2) The Dominant peak shifted to lower 2 theta angles with increase in annealing? I am not sure why this happens
(3) Additionally we observed a decrease in the FWHM which is narrowing of the peaks corresponding to an increase in crystallization of the nano-materials with annealing temperature.
Somehow the behavior of these nano-tubes on glass substrates (Florine doped tin oxide glass substrates) is different to those observed for nano-tubes on metal substrates.
This leaves with one more questions (1) could be the substrate playing a pivotal role in inhibiting phase transformation? is this possible?
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