dear all,
how I can reduce the evaporation from water surface in arid region
Dear Dr. Kamel,
I suggest you to read the following paper:
Mostafa A. Benzaghta and Thamer A. Mohamad (2009) Evaporation from reservoir and reduction methods: An overview and assessment study. Conference Paper (PDF Available). International Engineering Convention, At Domascus, Syria and Medinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia· 11-18 May, 2009.
I have attached PDF copy of the paper for you.
Hope you find it interesting and useful.
Dear Ammar,
I am involved in limnological problems and I think that in order to control evaporation you should act on wind, e.g., sheltering the coastline, and then if possible by reducing the amount of shortwave radiation that is absorbed by the water surface. Possibly an interesting and unconventional idea could come from what the Department of Water Protection did in Los Angeles’s Ivanhoe Reservoir (see http://www.amusingplanet.com/2011/11/ivanhoe-reservoir-covered-with-400000.html) In order to reduce high levels of bromate, a carcinogen that forms when bromide and chlorine react with sunlight, they covered the water surface with a huge amount of floating balls to keep the sunlight out of the water. If your reservoir is small this should work but I would suggest using white balls to increase albedo.
By the way thank you for your contribution to my question
Marco
Dear Ammar,
No sure about the application and/or ecological consequences of this, but in theory, to increase inflow salinity may result in changes in the size of the lake by reducing the actual rates of evaporation. Further discussion on this link between salinity and evaporation in the context of shallow lakes of closed basins in the desert, can be found in the attached file
Hope it helps,
Alberto
Dear Alberto,
you know very well that if you change the salinity of the inflow you are running the risk of creating an ecological disaster... You'd better not follow that route.
M
absolutely yes. Thank for this warning. However, I was thinking in industrial processes, artificial ponds or other artificial systems, where to increase the salinity may help to reduce evaporation losses.
I think the practical way is to :
1- set up shelters( as said Dr. Marco) as much as possible around the lake.
2- reduce evaporation due to wind by growing plants having long roots around the lake to prevent the winds blowing over the lake.
Dear Ammar
Thank you for interest question
the floating balls on the water surface may be increase the evaporation rate due to increasing surface area of water (due to the wend effect, the balls covered by capillary water), so it is batter if the small balls (or any floating materials) were banded together to prevent its rounding over the water surface.
check this paper : http://iwtc.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/G73-HW26-WD06.pdf
dear dr. ammar
this link could help you
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279983251_Evaporation_from_reservoir_and_reduction_methods_An_overview_and_assessment_study
regards
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