• Least common subscald systems use water temperatures of 54 to 58°C (129–136°F) for 60 to 120 s or a slightly higher temperature of 60 to 63°C (140–145°F) for only 15 to 30 s. A soft scald, or semiscald uses the lowest water temperatures from 51 to 54°C (124–130°F) and the longest immersion times for 120 to 210 s, which results in optimum retention of the cuticle for yellowskinned marketed carcasses and parts (Pool et al., 1954; Heath and Thomas 1974; Suderman and Cunningham, 1980; McKee et al., 2008; Jeong et al., 2011). 
  • In the first combination, commonly called soft scalding, carcasses are immersed in 50 to 53°C hot water for 120 s. In the second combination, commonly called hard scalding, carcasses are immersed in 59 to 64°C hot water for 45 to 90 s (Barbut, 2002; Sams and McKee, 2010).
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