Interesting question..
Salinity management and water resources development (GeoJournal, September 1979, Volume 3, Issue 5, pp 457–460)
Abstract:The interrelationship of salinity management and water management is a factor which is sometimes easily overlooked in the water resources planning, even though it can place a limit on the degree of water resource development within a basin. Costs and control measures of salinity management are considered on a case study of the Colorado River basin where salinity damages are found to be higher than previously estimated. After review of the costs of salinity management, the possible control measures, and research on adaptions in agricultural use of more saline water, it can be concluded that, at very least, the management of water quantity and water quality, especially in arid regions, are closely intertwined.
Effect of irrigation methods, management and salinity of irrigation water on tomato yield, soil moisture and salinity distribution (Irrigation Science,May 2008, Volume 26, Issue 4, pp 313–323)
Abstract:The increasing demand for irrigation water to secure food for growing populations with limited water supply suggests re-thinking the use of non-conventional water resources. The latter includes saline drainage water, brackish groundwater and treated waste water. The effects of using saline drainage water (electrical conductivity of 4.2–4.8 dS m−1) to irrigate field-grown tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv Floradade) using drip and furrow irrigation systems were evaluated, together with the distribution of soil moisture and salt. The saline water was either diluted to different salinity levels using fresh water (blended) or used cyclically with fresh water. The results of two seasons of study (2001 and 2002) showed that increasing salinity resulted in decreased leaf area index, plant dry weight, fruit total yield and individual fruit weight. In all cases, the growth parameters and yield as well as the water use efficiency were greater for drip irrigated tomato plants than furrow-irrigated plants. However, furrow irrigation produced higher individual fruit weight. The electrical conductivity of the soil solution (extracted 48 h after irrigation) showed greater fluctuations when cyclic water management was used compared to those plots irrigated with blended water. In both drip and furrow irrigation, measurements of soil moisture one day after irrigation, showed that soil moisture was higher at the top 20 cm layer and at the location of the irrigation water source; soil moisture was at a minimum in the root zone (20–40 cm layer), but showed a gradual increase at 40–60 and 60–90 cm and was stable at 90–120 cm depth. Soil water content decreased gradually as the distance from the irrigation water source increased. In addition, a few days after irrigation, the soil moisture content decreased, but the deficit was most pronounced in the surface layer. Soil salinity at the irrigation source was lower at a depth of 15 cm (surface layer) than that at 30 and 60 cm, and was minimal in deeper layers (i.e. 90 cm). Salinity increased as the distance from the irrigation source increased particularly in the surface layer. The results indicated that the salinity followed the water front. We concluded that the careful and efficient management of irrigation with saline water can leave the groundwater salinity levels unaffected and recommended the use of drip irrigation as the fruit yield per unit of water used was on average one-third higher than when using furrow irrigation
Dear Prakash
It is a high salinity water, close to seawater salinity. I also assume that the soil is highly saline too?
The most widely used way is desalination by various techniques. Each have advantages and disadvantages. So, if you want to desalinate that high salinity water for a particular purpose (drinking, irrigation, industrial, etc.) and in what scale you need the fresh water, will determine the appropriate desalination technology (in addition to the money available and expertise available).
However, all these desalination techniques, produce brine discharges! This is a big environmental threat. The salinity of these brine discharges may reach even more than twice the salinity of the original water. So, managers end up handling large quantities of highly saline brine discharges now!!!
Another way is not to desalinate this water. If the soil is saline too, instead find various economic activities that suit the salinity of this water (i.e. agricultural, aquaculture, industrial, environmental, etc.). Since this is a highly saline water (close to seawater salinity), I again emphasis that the soil should be saline too. I call it Haloculture. The followings are helpful. Good luck.
https://www.researchgate.net/project/Haloculture
Conference Paper ENVIRONMENTAL CAPABILITIES AND CONSTRAINTS OF HALOCULTURE: A...
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