Is there any direct relationship between taxonomic composition, abundance of species and biomass on the different functional groups on the phytoplankton production and its growth rate?
Do you mean a sociology like that of Phytosociology among plants that prefers to live with some plant species.? Then, I also believe there's a relation between phytoplankton groups.
I think that you mean if exist some statistical background like regression equations of biomass, species richness, biodiversity etc and daily gross primary production? Only indirect, as outside environment influencing much more. I mean lite, biogenic elements, transparency of water, consumption of grazers…
E.g., you know that the Van't Hoff Arrhenius relationship in classical form says that every 10 degree produce functional changes equal 2,25 times. So, how happened that in small rivers in the Carpathians the maximum daily primary production is observed in the winter time? Look, please, my site esp three last articles about GPP in small rivers, streams and springs! These in Russian mainly but with Enlish summery and good material in the Tables. As well find the article (like a Chapter) about some mathematical equations connected with transparency of water and primary production of fish-ponds…