Is there any chemical other than formaldehyde used to convert bacterial toxins into toxoids?

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Jay Siddharth

From what i remember old school..

this comes to mind

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6699651

Jai Ghosh

It all depends upon what is the end use of the toxoid. If it is to be used for DPT vaccine the HCHO is the best chemical. Other chemicals too work (like Phenol) but its residue is more killing than the toxoid.