Which method more suitable for decomposing of organic waste and recycle them.
There are a lot biocomposting methods for waste degradation. You can:
1. Use Trichoderma. Trichoderma serves as a compost activator. It helps to decompose agricultural wastes and increase the nutrient content of compost.
Here are some useful material:
Chapter Bio-Composting Process Development by SSF for Utilization Ag...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Biocomposting-Process-for-Utilization-Wastes-KabbashiA.-Othan/23ca2ee50b784232ceeb206d2e6b7c18feabd3a0
Tricho-compost can be better alternative. Spores of trichoderma when mixed with organic wastes including fresh dungs, kitchen wastes, poultry litters, etc develops there as green velvet carpet within some weeks. It helps in early decomposition and avoids other fungal and bacterial infection to transmit through manure.
different composting methods, the factors affecting composting, long-duration
composting, the mechanism behind it, the present trends in composting and prospects.
Microbial decomposers viz., Tricoderma, Pleurotous, Microbial consortia and microbial enhancers viz., Azatobacter, Azospirillum are the microbial inoculents can be used as agents for Decomposition of wastes or composting of wastes
Hi Dr Amrit Kumar . See the following RG link: Article Biotransformation of Biodegradable Solid Wastes into Organic...
See the following link: Article Bioconversion of organic solid wastes into biofortified comp...
Kindly see also the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/11/4456/pdf
Amrit,
We have successfully tested a blend of bacillus and fungi with added enzymes that speed the decomposition of feedstock and when the composting cycle is complete, the compost contains beneficial soil microbes. The blend includes 2 strains of Trichoderma fungi.
David
Yes, with a qualification. Biological techniques dominate in waste management. Composting is fundamentally a biological process, with microorganisms playing a dominant role. Vermicomposting is one option among many. So, Mr. Kumar, have at it! Look at natural decomposition, and see how organisms involved might be harnessed in novel ways (I'd look carefully at fungi.) Qualification: You speak of "degradation." Respectfully, I suggest "transformation" is the more appropriate term. As Dr. Wazwaz's article points out, composting turns organic "waste" into useful products. This is paralleled in natural systems, where decompostion is an essential part of maintaining soil organic matter. Organisms and processes in decomposition and composting (human-managed decomposition) break down a fraction of feedstocks into simpler components, it is true, but also leave highly complex aromatic compounds that resist further decay. These play an important role in soil health, and represent an appealing selling point for commercial compost products.
Yes, Inoculation with selected fungi like cellulose decomposing fungi both thermophilic and median about 65-75oC compost waste in windrows. Like Trichoderma harzianum
It is not exactly a biocomposting methid, but it can be used to degrade organic wastes. According to the Authors/Researchers. "Many organic waste sources make an excellent feed substrate for the larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Given the right circumstances, the larvae are able to reduce the waste material by 50-80% and convert up to 20% of the waste material into larval biomass within ±14 days."
Knindly check the following link:
https://www.eawag.ch/en/department/sandec/projects/mswm/black-soldier-fly-biowaste-processing/
Other methods for composting can be use EM4. It will be work faster than conventional method. It's can take 1 until 2 week for composting.
A response: EM4 ("effective microbes") is a commercial product promising faster composting results. One curious (perhaps not) aspect of work on composting/managed decomposition is intense interest in marketing products. There are several similar microbial augmentation products in completion. I suggest key questions, still unanswered, include 'are such 'microbial seedling' products necessary or more effective compared to naturally occuring decomposer population for given feedstocks?;' and 'how is any proprietary additive product going to improve the established methods of classic compost science acros different feedstocks?' With respect, let me add that claims of "2 week compost" seem simply silly to me. We are talking about stabilization of organic feedstock to a state resembling the fraction of soil organic matter most resistant to further breakdown, most probably large aromatic molecules in 'nets' or 'chains.' Sorry. Doesn't happen quickly, with the possible exception of tiny amounts in highly controlled lab conditions reliant on heavy inputs of fossil fuels (and even then...) Out in the field, farmland or urban, it's another story, no matter how many tankloads of "ectoplasmic magic' one applies.
Now, black solider flies? Quite interesting, and the larva make good chicken feed, I understand. Some good work on this in North Carolina, Pat Battle. Informal, farm-trials, but interesting.
EMO: effective microorganisms aka Bokashi, faster than conventional composting.
Another option is Black soldier fly larvae, the end product will be mainly larvae biomass rather than compost. BSFL looks like a good option if the end product is used as chicken or fish feed.
Rather than thinking in terms of a given product, it may be more helpful to think of sequences of different organisms, from microbial to fungi to arthropods and so on, all working on decomposition together. It is a little like a symphony orchestra playing Beethoven, you have piccolos, tubas, tympani, all very different but the music requires them all. In natural and managed decomposition both, each organism plays a part and tends to dominate given different conditions, feedstocks, and state of feedstock degradation. Various fermentation methods focus on a cluster of related steps, leaving ‘maturation’ (or whatever convenient term) for other organisms and time. Generally, I think the consensus is that composting is an equifinal process in spite of its many divers actors, with the stable end product of both anaerobic or aerobic processes being remarkably similar. These are long carbon chains resistant to further biodegradation. (You know the joke. A famous conductor heard strange noises comjng from Beethoven’s grave, and hired a crew to dig up the coffin. When they opened it, why there was Ludwig, erasing the score of the 9th symphony. “Maestro!” Exclaimed the musician.”What are you doing?” “Isn’t it obvious?” Beethoven replied. “I’m decomposing…”
Sorry…
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