Dr the balanced scorecard is collection of performance measures, so basically, no need to link it with another performance measures.For more details, please call me
To measure performance there are methods you can use, one of them is the balanced score card which does not measure the financial aspect of the object in question, Performance indicators that is concerned with outcome and values taking input and output into consideration, performance index, Total Factor Productivity (TFP) etc. Hence, there is no difference between balanced score card performance but rather, balanced score card is used to measure performance. I hope this will help.
The answer is yes. In addition to ROA, typical indicators for financial strength include ROE, profit margin, and Tobin's Q. For other uses of Balanced Scorecards, you may check my paper in this regard.
Attached is a study on BSC by Mr. Shaverdi that you might find useful.
If you are reviewing banking sector, one of my study has three series of measures of financial performance. Two categories are applicable to other industries as well.
The balanced scorecard groups a set of performance indicators (financial perspective, internal business perspective, innovation and learning perspective, customer perspective). This methodology, in my view, two main features: 1) apply non-financial measures and 2) to achieve a balance between the measures. Please see an example of the application of these measures in my article: Strategic Mapping of the Rural Firm: The Balanced Scorecard Approach. I hope that helps.
The balanced scorecard is a tool that facilitates control and allows management to overview how successfully the strategy is implemented in order to achieve performance. Please feel free to refer to my research paper where I discuss the relationship between strategy and the balanced scorecard: "The Balanced Scorecard and Beyond – Applying Theories of Performance Measurement, Employment and Rewards in Management Accounting Education".