Dear Dr. Al-Gurairy,

softwares used for modeling the landscape are first and foremost a step forward in exploration for and in the genetic investigations of supergene or sedimentary ore deposits. Hypogene ore deposits can successfully be explored and studied using remote-sensing techniques (satellite- and aircraft based remote sensing devices). From whatever angle you look at mineral deposits, be it genetic or applied you need a good knowledge and practical experience in geomorphology, pedology (weathering of rocks) and hydrography so that you can catch and interpret the landforms. ArcGis and all the other fine softwares are only a tool kit.

I myself have shifted studies from genetic and applied economic geology to this surface expression called landscape using drainage systems and their interfluves for different purposes.

DILL H.G., BUZATU A., GOLDMANN S., KAUFHOLD S., and BÎRGĂOANU D. (2019) Coastal landforms of “Meso-Afro-American” and “Neo-American” landscapes in the periglacial South Atlantic Ocean: With special reference to the clast orientation,

morphology, and granulometry of continental and marine sediments.- Journal of South American Earth Sciences (on-line).

DILL, H.G., GOLDMANN S., and CRAVERO, F., (2018) Zr-Ti-Fe placers along the coast of NE Argentina: Provenance analysis and ore guide for the metallogenesis in the South Atlantic Ocean. Ore Geology Reviews 95: 131-160.

DILL, H.G. (2017) An overview of the pegmatitic landscape from the pole to the equator – Applied geomorphology and ore guides.- Ore Geology Reviews 91: 795 – 823.

DILL, H.G., DOHRMANN, R. , KAUFHOLD, S. and Balaban S.-I. (2015) Kaolinization – a tool to unravel the formation and unroofing of the Pleystein pegmatite-aplite system (SE Germany).- Ore Geology Reviews 69: 33-56.

DILL, H.G., WEBER, B. and BOTZ, R. (2013) Metalliferous duricrusts (“orecretes”) - markers of weathering: A mineralogical and climatic-geomorphological approach to supergene Pb-Zn-Cu-Sb-P mineralization on different parent materials.- Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Abhandlungen, 190: 123-195.

DILL, H.G. and LUDWIG, R.-R. (2008) Geomorphological-sedimentological studies of landform types and modern placer deposits in the savanna (Southern Malawi).- Ore Geology Review , 33: 411-434.

DILL H.G., LUDWIG R.-R., KATHEWERA A. and MWENELUPEMBE J. (2005) A lithofacies terrain model for the Blantyre Region: Implications for the interpretation of palaeosavanna depositional systems and for environmental geology and economic geology in southern Malawi.- Journal of African Earth Sciences, 41: 341-393.

These papers may help you come to grips with your issue and they are available on the RG server for download.

I wish you much success H.G.Dill

Dear Dr. Al-Gurairy,

softwares used for modeling the landscape are first and foremost a step forward in exploration for and in the genetic investigations of supergene or sedimentary ore deposits. Hypogene ore deposits can successfully be explored and studied using remote-sensing techniques (satellite- and aircraft based remote sensing devices). From whatever angle you look at mineral deposits, be it genetic or applied you need a good knowledge and practical experience in geomorphology, pedology (weathering of rocks) and hydrography so that you can catch and interpret the landforms. ArcGis and all the other fine softwares are only a tool kit.

I myself have shifted studies from genetic and applied economic geology to this surface expression called landscape using drainage systems and their interfluves for different purposes.

DILL H.G., BUZATU A., GOLDMANN S., KAUFHOLD S., and BÎRGĂOANU D. (2019) Coastal landforms of “Meso-Afro-American” and “Neo-American” landscapes in the periglacial South Atlantic Ocean: With special reference to the clast orientation,

morphology, and granulometry of continental and marine sediments.- Journal of South American Earth Sciences (on-line).

DILL, H.G., GOLDMANN S., and CRAVERO, F., (2018) Zr-Ti-Fe placers along the coast of NE Argentina: Provenance analysis and ore guide for the metallogenesis in the South Atlantic Ocean. Ore Geology Reviews 95: 131-160.

DILL, H.G. (2017) An overview of the pegmatitic landscape from the pole to the equator – Applied geomorphology and ore guides.- Ore Geology Reviews 91: 795 – 823.

DILL, H.G., DOHRMANN, R. , KAUFHOLD, S. and Balaban S.-I. (2015) Kaolinization – a tool to unravel the formation and unroofing of the Pleystein pegmatite-aplite system (SE Germany).- Ore Geology Reviews 69: 33-56.

DILL, H.G., WEBER, B. and BOTZ, R. (2013) Metalliferous duricrusts (“orecretes”) - markers of weathering: A mineralogical and climatic-geomorphological approach to supergene Pb-Zn-Cu-Sb-P mineralization on different parent materials.- Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Abhandlungen, 190: 123-195.

DILL, H.G. and LUDWIG, R.-R. (2008) Geomorphological-sedimentological studies of landform types and modern placer deposits in the savanna (Southern Malawi).- Ore Geology Review , 33: 411-434.

DILL H.G., LUDWIG R.-R., KATHEWERA A. and MWENELUPEMBE J. (2005) A lithofacies terrain model for the Blantyre Region: Implications for the interpretation of palaeosavanna depositional systems and for environmental geology and economic geology in southern Malawi.- Journal of African Earth Sciences, 41: 341-393.

These papers may help you come to grips with your issue and they are available on the RG server for download.

I wish you much success H.G.Dill

Well,

Geomorphological forms related to a subsurface structural setting like regional uplift or anticlinorium are also considered in hydrocarbon exploration. Karst topography is also in relation to bauxite and bauxitic clay accumulation. The geochemical prospectings are mainly depended on the geomorphological setting of the study area. Then the ArcGis is a good tool used for mineral investigation.

Regards

Yes, It is full research work. need field work and software

Thank you very much for your wonderful information, Mr Harald G. Dill ... Best wishes !!

Thanks, dear Bayan Hussien !!

Ok, dear Gohar Ali Mahar !!

Yes Ahmad, the relationship between geomorphological features and mineral deposits have been known. For example during a recent exploration programme for baryte in Nigeria, we discovered that the veins hosted by feldpathic sandstones formed prominent topographic features. A suggested approach was to carry out a detailed topographic mapping probably using lidar or closely spaced topographic survey using a differential GPS. The resulting raster map can be imported into ArcGIS where a carefully done terrain analysis using the spatial analyst tool could be useful. It is important to note that a useful GIS analysis must be well designed and built into a model. The ArcScene app in ArcGIS will also be very useful for visualization.

Ifeanyi Andrew Oha