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Bacteria are powerful little creatures. They can dispose of contaminants, make us sick and did you know they can even generate electricity? In devices, called microbial fuel cells (MFC) they can extract electrons from their food sources such as organic materials and feed them into an electrical circuit to generate power. This way they can even turn plain soil into a source of energy! Does it matter though what kind of food the bacteria "eat"? Find out how bacteria grow in a microbial fuel cell and how power generation in an MFC changes depending on the provided food source.Objective

Using the small currents created by bacteria living in soil, a group  of Harvard students was able to harness and collect that energy in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for a class project. The most recent microbial-fueled battery can power a small LED lamp and can last for up to a year. Easy to make and simple to use, the battery costs $10 to $15 U.S. dollars."In the field, we have seen prototype 'batteries' no larger than a ten-liter jerry can generate enough power over time to charge LEDs, radios, and cell phones," one of the students involved in the project, Hugo Van Vuuren, told TechNewsDaily.

Bacteria release energy when they metabolize dead leaves, compost and other organic waste. When an electrode, or electrical conductor like a copper wire, is added, the electrons attach to it, creating a chemical reaction resulting in a small charge of electricity. The process of extracting energy from waste material is not a new concept. In fact, it was first discovered a hundred years ago by M. C. Potter, a professor of botany at the University of Durham, who was able to generate electricity from E. coli. British researcher H. Peter Bennetto further explored microbial fuel cell energy in the 1980s, recognizing it as a possible method of providing third world countries with electricity. Based on different sources..