The purpose is to compare them
Great question. I'm not going to offer a complete answer in this short space because Sharia really needs to be examined in the specific cultures/countries where it is applied to offer specific answers in each of those cases since law does not exist apart from culture and application and cannot be analyzed independently, but I can offer you a process to come to an answer with this key concept prescription: Human rights work at 2 Levels: at the level of culture and the protection of sustainability/survival of each culture in its environment and then, at the level of individual rights. Most analyses today eliminate the cultural level, which is a violation of the principle of human rights (and the U.N. Genocide Convention and other major treaties) and just start with individual rights and punishments outside of the cultural context, seeking to force one standard and thereby trying to force homogeneity, eliminate cultral rights, and stigmatize non-Western cultures. Take a look at my article on ResearchGate on "measuring human rights" and how you can start to do these measurements. You will need to apply both a lega analysis AND an anthropological/sociological/environmental analysis to make this determination. I offer one caveat: it is not easy to measure whether a culture is or what makes it really sustainable in specific (and now constantly changing) environments, and that can be politicized. You need to measure each law as an anthropologist would and ask whether that law really fits essentially into the whole system and is part of promoting its survival and not just whether it is something that exists traditionally or is favored by current or past leaders or is part of "diversity" which usually works to justify harms in systems that currently exist but are not sustainable. You really have to demonstrate cultural survival and effectiveness in the working of that culture and also the survival of human cultures for the next several milliion years on our planet to come to that determination. The goal underlying human rights has never been to justify specific religious views; it has been to establish long-term principles for human survival and then to make that idea, itself, sacred. So with sharia, like other legal systems, you need to start with what made those laws part of sustainability in the first place and how they became "sacred" as a way to promote that, and then apply that and those principles in environments today. I think you will come up with some interesting answers and ideas for change.
David Lempert, Ph.D., J.D., M.B.A., E.D. (Hon.), International Human Rights Lawyer
The Sharia came with some principles of human rights since ancient times and before the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Perhaps there are those who find some contradictions between the Sharia and the law in the field of human rights, but these issues remain under consideration.
Sharia doesn't give equal rights to women as against men .... in terms of inheritance, divorce etc., and in general amongst other things the concept of adoption too is a nono but people give various explanation to this, this is strictly in comparison to the existing practices in countries with constitution and a democratic setup where sharia is also allowed for the muslim community. This question requires a detailed answer, what i have mentioned above is a short answer strictly in accordance with law and without any bias or prejudice against any religion..
The rights oi sharia only exists for those who are a part of the Ummah (community of moslems). For those outside the Ummah, it is a privilege to be accorded any consideration at all. It is even worse where you have a religious practice that is in contrast with any Islamic practice.
My understanding is that if Sharia follows the letter of the Qur'an, their human rights are reasonably universal. The contradiction between Sharia and the law for human rights lies in the interpretation of the words of the Qur'an by the mufti who administer justice according to Sharia. Each community or society will have its own mufti, some may enlarge into regional sects. But the interpretations can differ from one sect to another, which is where you may see the HR being affected in some sects but not others.
Islam gives certain conditions to human rights. Such as the case of changing your religion, incase of UN human Rights it is considered one yet in the shariah its apostasy and is a punishable offence which has a death sentence. So not overal but certain conditional human Rights are contradictory to shariah. That's my minimal understanding of the shariah.
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