No, apparently not; thus no natural "herd-immunity."

No, immunity acquired due to COVID-19 is short lived.

Article Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-C...

Preprint Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in...

I do not think so. there are cases where people are affected more than one time.

It can be explained by Gene for gene theory.

For the moment it is impossible to say. In order to know whether the antibodies/immunity acquired due to covid-19 is lifelong we have to measure the level of this immunity over a very long period of time which is presently not the case

Following

Thank you Prof. Ordog, Singh, Tripathy, Paulite, Jost and Noreen

Dear Muhammad Ghafoor Ali,

No study has followed up the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in recovered COVID-19 patients for more than 12 weeks (1-2).

Because the COVID-19 pandemic is only into 9th month since it started in December, 2019; logically nobody can hypothesize or detect SARS-CoV-2 anti bodies in recovered COVID-19 patients for their life-span unless the antibodies were detected in a patient who later on died.

Therefore, we will need need to follow up recovered COVID-19 patients for their life time to answer your question. Hopefully more information in the coming years will tell us more about the duration of SARS-coV-2 antibodies.

1. Preprint Prevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan - implic...

2. Preprint Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in...

Thank you Prof. Muhammad Yousuf

Please also see the link below.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1083-1

Short immunity , for sure

Thank you Prof. Raya Al-Naimi and Arvind Singh

Immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 can last about 3 to 61 months in COVID-19 recovered people.

https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-5247%2821%2900219-6

Dear Muhammad Ghafoor Ali . See the following useful link : https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/224/8/1294/6293992

Kindly see also the following good link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01949/full

Also check please the following good RG link: Article Immune response dynamics in COVID-19 patients to SARS-CoV-2 ...

The following RG link is also very important: Article Immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 induced by infection or vaccination

Muhammad Ghafoor Ali

The following study suggest that most people who recover from a SARS-CoV-2 infection have immunity for 8 months.

Article Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 mont...

Thanks!

Muhammad Ghafoor Ali

The following study demonstrate that people who recovered from even mild cases of COVID-19 produced antibodies for at least 5 to 7 months.

Article Orthogonal SARS-CoV-2 Serological Assays Enable Surveillance...

The full-text of the above article is available online

Thanks!

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-long-does-immunity-last-after-covid-19-what-we-know,kindly check this link.

https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/224/8/1294/6293992,this link may be useful.

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/08/30/1032520934/immunity-to-covid-19-could-last-longer-than-youd-think,this link may be useful.

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/08/30/1032520934/immunity-to-covid-19-could-last-longer-than-youd-think,kindly check this link.

No, so far I know it is short lived say 7-8 months

Thank you Prof. Arvind Singh, Aref Wazwaz, Faraed Salman, Proloy Barua

It has a specific period that may extend to a year, when the virus mutates, it loses its effect

Thank you Prof. Safaa Salah Sanad