There are many aspects of care. Such as maintaining optimum nutrition, mobility without damage, back care to prevent bed sores, psychological care to prevent despair by encouragement - in addition to treating the disease. Nursing care is of paramount importance.
A model of care in ICU is the same as a model of care on the ward. But what do you mean by model of care? Nursing or medical? ICU's do have their own daily assessment criteria, usually formatted for care to be assessed and reviewed. Pen-ultimately any model of care (a continuum) aims to restore the patient to a level of normal function or a dignified death -regardless of age. Care is modelled around the patients own needs. But in to days world, we rarely hear about models of care, the new buzz is pathways and EBP. We focus more on the conditions and how to manage them. I evolved with Roper Logan and Tierney 12 activities of daily living. The goal of the assessment and interventions is to promote maximum independence for the patient. -something we rarely hear of these days, but a very good approach to assessing and deciding care needs-sadly not used as it was intended these days. When used as it was meant to be its a great model for all adult age groups.
Care in ICU is different because the immediate focus is different. I think the other thing to consider is that critical care intervention is only ever supportive and not curative -how a patient declares themselves in critical illness in many respects decides their care and ongoing care needs until they recover -or not
Indeed, in a surgical ICU, the most frequent patient is the elderly patient. And between a yung and an elderly patient, there are tremendous differences, as there are differences with various pathologies. There are differences, to take the most trivuial, with the care of intravenous lines or central catheters for example, respiratory care, hygiene requirements, to medication and number of other aspects, including, if patient is conscious, the patient – medical personnel collaboration. I do not think the question could be answered briefly and in a short discussion. If you would enter in Google “ICU for elderly patients” you will find a number of relevant long articles that will certainly be useful.