Deep learning involves arriving at concrete memory and recall ability outcomes, which were not possible in surface learning
i.e. one who understands quantum mechanics knows by memory that in simple potential cases the wavefuntion is plane wave and in free particle sinusiodal or that operators with that commute have same eigenvalues and similar probabilities.
But these are not outcomes of surface knowledge and only reached at an advanced level of understanding where memorization is EASY
Thus memory's role in learning theories is unjustifiably minimized