Please have a look at this link and PDF attachments also.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257785583_Groundwater_exploration_using_remote_sensing_and_geographic_information_systems_in_a_semi-arid_area_Southwest_of_Urmieh_Northwest_of_Iran

Article Groundwater exploration using remote sensing and geographic ...

Yes, it's possible to retrieve information about groundwater using remote sensors.

The most widely used sensors in the estimation and control of groundwater withdrawals by remote sensing are the systems designed for the Landsat and Spot satellites, and to a lesser extent The NOAA satellite AVHRR system.

The advantages of using these systems are based on:

- Synoptic visualization of large areas.

- Possibility of observation of areas of difficult access.

- Multitemporality of observations.

- Homogeneity with respect to the observation system.

- Registration of information in different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum.

- Digital recording of information.

- Very competitive costs with other techniques.

For example, the most commonly used remote sensing systems in the estimation of groundwater consumption for irrigation allow:

- Map the plant cover of the soil.

- Estimate the humidity conditions.

- Cartographic uses of the soil.

- Inventory of crops.

- Evaluate effects of drought.

- Estimate crop yield.

Groundwater is considered the major portion of the world’s freshwater resources. One of the main challenges facing the sustainable development of developing country/ poor country is the need for better management of its limited fresh water resources. Hydrogeological mapping of groundwater resources is one of the main tools for the controlled development of groundwater resources. Remotely sensed surface indicators of groundwater provide useful data where practical classical alternatives are not available. Integrated remote sensing and GIS are widely used in groundwater mapping. Locating potential groundwater targets is becoming more convenient, cost effective than invasive methods and efficient with the advent of a number of satellite imagery. The nature of remote sensing-based groundwater exploration is to delineate all possible features connected with localization of groundwater. Data, driven out of remote sensing, support decisions related to sustainable development and groundwater management.

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001563/156300e.pdf

https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0240/report.pdf

http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4020-6540-8_5#page-1

http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/satellite-imagery-air-photos/sensors-methods/visible-infrared/tool-technique-development/9719

Remote Sensing and GIS: Applications for Groundwater Potential Assessment in Eritrea

http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:9296/FULLTEXT01.pdf

Most certainly. It shows up as a bluish blotch. The National remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad, ought to be able to help you.

Remotely sensed data are informative as well as my be try to misunderstanding too. you should be care of using them. A lot of factors affects on reluctance that might be mistake us to predict the given variable. You must pay attention to the conditions of your study area. May be a researcher find out successful results in any given area but those results are not accurately would be proper for you study area. You must sure that the developed critera for prediction of  ground water by visural or geophyscial data.

in overll be take care of using RS for any application.

yours