In quantum computation Alice usually transmit her measurement result to Bob over a classical communication channel. Classical channel is limited to the speed of light. If we could transmit quantum states faster than light (e.g. using zero mass gravitons) then my question is could we send information backwards in time? Since we lack of appropriate technology this is only a theoretical question.
Quantum states can be transmitted faster than light to the entangled particle - that's OK. If you measure the state of one particle the corresponding second particle is changing his state too to the corresponding value. (electron A spin-up - electron B spin-down).
So you know the information about the state of the entangled particle.
Till now nobody wrote about any information coming back in any way. That would be a new physical effect.
Please have a look at M. Nielsen and I. Chuang: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information Cambridge Uni. Press. book 10th an. ed. page 26, chapter 1.3.7 this is the source of my question
thank you very much for your comments. My question can be discussed as follows:
The main protocol of quantum teleportation is the following:
We have two entangled EPR pair of qubits.
One is sent to location A (where Alice stays).
The other is sent to location B (where Bob stays).
Alice interacts the qubit to be teleported with her half of EPR pair of qubit.
Alice measures them resulting 00, or 01, or 10, or 11 that is two classical bits.
Alice sends this two classical bits from location A to location B (to where Bob stays) using classical communication channel. This is time consuming, since Alice is using a classical communication channel.
Then the qubit at location B can be modified by Bob according to the two bits information received from Alice resulting the qubit of Bob to be identical to the qubit that was choosen to be teleported.
My question is related to step 6. If Alice is using a massless spin-2 boson particle (aka. graviton) and create a gravitational wave (using an advanced non-thermal graviton generator) that can be detected by Bob (using a gravitational wave detector, like the Advanced LIGO system) and she can code the two bit information to the waves, then Bob can decode it immediately and we can eliminate the time consuming classical channel and probably can send information back in spacetime (since even the light hasn't yet had time to travel the distance between location A and location B)?
thank you for your comment, I agree with you, there seems to be no benefit using graviton for superluminal communication due to the limit of the speed of gravitational-waves.
There is another particle that could be interesting in this case and this is the Tachyon (if you are still interested, you can get more information here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyonic_antitelephone ).
No, because it's not known how to describe ``graviton shot noise'', nor is it known how to sum over intermediate configurations of gravitons. Only coherent superpositions of a macroscopic number of gravitons, I.e. classical gravitational waves, can be described quantitatively. For quantum teleportation studies, where the spacetime geometry is classical, this isn't a problem.