Co-workers tell me that LAmbert's law is only for gases and liquids. I have already calculated the transmittance coefficient, how can I now obtain the absorptivity?
your co-workers are right in such a sense, that in order to calculate the molar absorptivity e, one also needs to know the value of the absorbing substance concentration c , since
e = -(log10 T)/ lc,
where l is the sample length.
In addition, the decrease of light intensity on its passage through the sample is not only a result of absorption, but also of scattering and reflections. Therefore, to obtain a meaningful result, a proper reference sample (with the same geometry and the same material but without the absorbing component) must be used.