Practice that some researchers do to enhance their impact points. It is like I put your name you put mine, without any contribution. Or done to please seniors so as to take favors.
No, it is not appropriate. All authors must have materially contributed to the article. There are various ways in which this can be accompanied, e.g., in designing the research grant that funds the research; in conducting the analysis of the data or analyzing the results and/or in writing parts of the articles. All persons who are considered authors are also accountable for the content of the article. There are many guidelines and codes which article the substance and materiality of authorship.
Your line of thinking is correct but this cannot be generalized.
For instance we sometime put the names of our seniors for their indirect help too in connection with the paper. This I think is ethical.
Impact factor is not everything in life. If we toil hard to make a paper we can confidently attend the queries of the Editor prior to publication and queries from other researchers after publication. If one is using the formula "I put your name you put mine"; its OK but if anyone asks to explain something we will have to run away instantly or keep mum after receiving queries through email.
No, it is not appropriate. All authors must have materially contributed to the article. There are various ways in which this can be accompanied, e.g., in designing the research grant that funds the research; in conducting the analysis of the data or analyzing the results and/or in writing parts of the articles. All persons who are considered authors are also accountable for the content of the article. There are many guidelines and codes which article the substance and materiality of authorship.
In my area of research (caring sciences and medicine), and in the part of the world where I live (Europe), this would be viewed as deeply unerthical.
Many journals have defined what authorship means and in my research area they almost always adhere to the recommendations from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. You find a link to their website here: