is there any difference in two different contexts
1. for a lecturer who does it to improve his/her own teaching method
2. for the purpose of publication
Shahrul - if you wish to publish your findings in an established, international journal - then ethical approval is required for all research that involves human (and animal) participants - whether that be 'full' approval or 'low-risk' approval. The methodology itself does 'exclude' ethical approval. If you wish to apply findings to your teaching methods and content - then there is usually an institutional expectation that ethical approval has been sought and granted as well.
Shahrul - if you wish to publish your findings in an established, international journal - then ethical approval is required for all research that involves human (and animal) participants - whether that be 'full' approval or 'low-risk' approval. The methodology itself does 'exclude' ethical approval. If you wish to apply findings to your teaching methods and content - then there is usually an institutional expectation that ethical approval has been sought and granted as well.
Action research is viewed as a practical yet systematic research method that enables teachers to investigate their own teaching and their students' learning and also carrying out research. However, the ethical issues unique to this form of insider research are numerous. The problem is that action researchers encounter with the policies and procedures of institutional review boards.
The main reasons why ethical approval is required for research is to result in benefit and minimize risk of harm, it must be conducted ethically. If ethical approval has not been obtained, the individual researcher bears personal responsibility for any claim. Ethical research helps to determine the difference between acceptable and unacceptable behaviors and, also prevents against the fabrication or falsifying of data.
The major ethical issues in conducting research are: i) Informed consent, ii) No harm ii) Respect for anonymity and confidentiality iv) Respect for privacy.
Is ethical approval from human responses in action research necessary ? Yes, ethical approval should be a must regarding the main question of the discussion thread. However, is this always the case? I am sceptical.
Ethical approval must be certified in the case of publications. In the case of input to improve the teaching method of the teacher-researcher, must be respectful and aware of the ethical procedures.
Ethical approvals are really important in both cases especially for publication purposes. Consenting your target population for voluntary participation is crucial.
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