I have seen many research works where the data collected are merely presented using the frequency table along side bar chart, and conclusions are drawn from them, without having to use tool like chi-square, regression, correlation or any other data analytical tool? And again, are the conclusions valid?
Reporting all data in a table and chart is preferred to only presenting summary statistics. Your question is too general assess the validity of the conclusions of any report, but the answer is "yes, it depends."
Yes it is. It depends on the simplicity of research. Regarding your example, the frequency table and drawing charts do not need to use statistical tools to analyse the data, you can do it by manual computations.
Best
Of course the tool depends on the work, but how would you do the attached with just tables? Best, D. Booth
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