Flowers, receptacle and involucre looks like Crepis / Sonchus, The leaves are somewhat stiff, have margins with spikes like in Cirsium. Pappus snow white, entire (not pennate).
You are right. The three last pictures belong to Crepis biennis L. It seems to be a large specimen mixed up with a Cirsium sp. I have definitely determined the achenes as Crepis biennis. Thank to all for all your advice.
No doubts - there are two species from different genera on these pictures. I agree that plant from the first picture belongs to Cirsium sp. And I guess Mr. A. Croce is right, and your determination, Jacek, sounds correct.
Sorry, I do not recognize the first species of Asteraceae. As for Crepis biennis, which is very common species in Slovakia, I appreciate the good pictures and confirm the determination.