I need to know which consonant clusters are allowed before and after the vowel in standard Albanian.
Allowed consonant clusters before the vowels in standard Albanian:
bj (bjerr), bl (blej), bll (bllok), br (bri);
cj (cjap);
çj (çjerr), çk (çka), çl (çliroj), çm (çmim), çmb (çmbështjell), çmbl (çmbledh), çmpr (çmpreh), çn (çnazifikoj), çnd (çnderoj), çndr (çndryshk), çng (çngatërroj), çngj (çngjesh), çr (çradhit), çrr (çrregulloj);
dj (dje), dr (dry);
dhj (dhjetë);
fj (fjalë), fl (flas), fll (fllad), fq (fqinjë), fr (fryj), fsh (fshat), ft (ftua);
gdh (gdhe), gl (glasë), gll (gllënjkë), gn (gnom), gr (grep), grr (grremç);
kj (kjo), kl (kler), kll (kllapë), km (kmesë), knj (knjaz), kr (krah), krr (krrok), ks (ksenon), ksh (kshetëz), kth (kthej);
mb (mbaj), mbj (mbjell), mbl (mbledh), mbll (mbllaçit), mbr (mbret), mj (mjek), ml (mlysh), mll (mllef), mp (mpij), mpr (mpreh), mr (mrekulli);
nd (nder), ndj (ndjek), ndr (ndrydh), ng (nga), ngr (ngre), ngj (ngjesh), nx (nxë);
nxj (nxjerr);
pj (pjek), pl (plak), pll (pllakë), pr (pres), prr (prroskë), ps (pse);
rrj (rrjedh);
sj (sjell), sk (skaj), skl (sklepë), skll (skllav), skr (skrapth), sl (slogan), sll (sllav), sm (smalt), sn (snob), sp (spec), sq (sqep), st (stom), str (struc);
shk (shkak), shkr (shkrij), shl (shlyej), shm (shmang), shn (shnegull), shnd (shndërroj), shndr (shndrit), shp (shpall), shpj (shpjegoj), shpl (shpleks), shpr (shpreh), shq (shqip), shr (shrapnel), sht (shtog), shtj (shtjerr), shtr (shtrat);
tj (tjerr), tk (tkurr), tm (tmerr), tr (tra);
thj (thjesht), thn (thnegël), thr (thrashegër);
vd (vdes), vj (vjel), vl (vloj), vll (vllah), vr (vrap), vrr (vrragë);
zb (zbardh), zd (zdrit), zg (zgavër), zgr (zgrip), zgj (zgjat), zj (zjarr), zll (zllot), zm (zmadhoj), zv (zverdh);
zhb (zhbëj); zhd (zhdeh); zhdr (zhdryj); zhg (zhgun); zhgr (zhgradim); zhv (zhvesh); zhvl (zhvlerësim)
Dear Nebi Caka,
thank you very much. It helps me a lot.
Where did you find this list? Or is it the result of your own investigation?
Allowed consonant clusters at the end of the syllable in standard Albanian:
lb (elb), mb (gjemb), rb (korb);
lc (spilc), nc (princ), pc (kipc), rc (herc), rrc (morrc);
mbç (plumbç), jç (nejç), lç (balç), mç (brumç), nç (vinç), pç (gopç), rç (harç), rrç (arrç);
ld (smerald), nd (end), rd (jard), vd (lavd), zhd (grazhd);
rdh (gardh);
jf (qejf), lf (golf), rf (zarf);
lg (shelg), llg (pellg), ng (rang), rg (varg), vg (muzg), zhg (lëvozhg);
ngj (ungj);
fk (tufk);
jk (ujk), lk (kalk), llk (hallk), nk (zink), rk (bark), sk (disk), shk (peshk), tk (petk);
jm (lajm), lm (helm), llm (kallm), rm (tharm), sm (hasm), tm (britm), zm (buzm);
jn (hajn), mn (himn), rn (turn);
jp (teletajp), lp (shtalp), llp (kallp), mp (kamp), rp (turp);
lq (qelq);
ks (theks), ls (puls), ns (xhins), ps (laps), rs (mars);
ndsh (përmendsh), jsh (dymuajsh), ksh (aksh), msh (lëmsh), psh (epsh), rsh (marsh);
ft (raft), jt (drejt), ht (aht), kt (akt), lt (kult), llt (turbullt), mt (kult), nt (ent), njt (shenjt), rt (art), rt (rast), sht (asht);
lbth (elbth), ndth (endth), gth (zogth), jth (ajth), kth (lukth), lth (halth), llth (yllth), mth (thimth), nth (blinth), pth (pipth), rth (urth), rrth (marrth), shtth (ashtth);
nz (bronz), rz (erz)
- It is the result of my own investigation.
Dear Professor Caka,
thank you very much. This is a great help. -
I will be in Prishtina tomorrow night and will stay till Saturday (17.-19. Oct.) paticipating in a conference of German language and literature studies of the SOEGV. Together with my friend Professor Gezim Xhaferi from Tetovo.
Perhaps we could have a coffee together.
With best regards
Klaus Schuricht
Professor Caka's list is very helpful, but not exhaustive. I hace found the following additional onsets and coda sequences:
çd- (çdo); fq- (fqinjit); nj- (një); psh- (psherëtiu); sf- (sfondin); shf- (shfaqte); shfl- (shfletoja); shfr- (shfrytëzuar); zbr- (zbrazët); lj- (Ljuis)
-mf (triumf); -zg (muzg); -nj (hebrenj); -njsh (lakenjsh); -psht (mbrapsht)
I picked these up from a novel, so there is no guarantee that this is exhaustive.
Dear Wayne,
your post ist very interesting for me. I think you are right. I will keep busy with the problem.
Thank you very much!
Klaus
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