In optical wireless communication, there are two main system architectures:

• Intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)

• Coherent modulation/detection

In IM/DD systems, the optical front-end can only detect the optical intensity while coherent receivers can detect both amplitude and phase.

Discuss how we can benefit from Integrated reflective surfaces in IM/DD and coherent optical wireless systems. For each system type, explain your underlying assumptions and any other essential information to support your arguments.