Generally an oral route is preferred to an intravenous administration, more convenient, less invasive, presumably less serious adverse effects - unless there are reasons to prefer parenteral. E.g., gastrointestinal side effects of oral iron substitution are frequent, iron substitution can be faster with the i.v. route.
Have a look at the exact indications, see for example:
https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/24167/SPC/Ferinject+%28ferric+carboxymaltose%29/#INDICATIONS
http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/14139#INDICATIONS
http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/24168/SPC/Venofer+%28iron+sucrose%29/#INDICATIONS
http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/26773/SPC/Rienso#INDICATIONS
This is because the sole indication of ferumoxytol is anemia in CKD and in this indication the only appropriate route is IV. Ferric carboxymaltose is indicated in anemia and/or iron déficit in all therapeutic areas (IBD, gynecology, patient blood management, CHF...) and in some of this indications rational approach is to try first oral route. In CKD the IV route should always be considered as first line for iron treatment.
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