03 September 2023 0 10K Report

In the 2010 era, it was typical to provide distal catheter lengths that were 2 to 3 times the height of the cavity to allow it to slide and bend away from obstructions. The force necessary to stop flow is typically less than 0.1oz. This certainly works but complications have occurred. One such was where the catheter became lodged in the crotch between the ureter vessels and the bladder, thus impeding its motion and stopping flow. On-line x-rays show a few shorter but mostly long versions. But of course x-rays would typically be done when there is a failure and thus be old technology.

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