How nuclear and other related technologies, such as the whole genome sequencing for AMR characterization or mass spectrometery and related techniques for antimicrobial residue testing, can be utilized to combat AMR in food and agriculture?
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Molecular diagnostic assays are crucial in food safety for the rapid and accurate detection of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) provides comprehensive insights into the genetic basis of resistance mechanisms, enabling targeted interventions and enhancing surveillance programs [1][4]. Mass spectrometry and related techniques, such as LC-MS and GC-MS, are essential for detecting antimicrobial residues in food products, ensuring compliance with safety standards and minimizing AMR development [2]. These technologies facilitate real-time monitoring and precise identification of contamination sources, thereby improving food safety protocols and mitigating the spread of AMR in the food and agriculture sectors [3][5][6].
Reference
[1] Brown, E., Dessai, U., McGarry, S., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2019). Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing for Food Safety and Public Health in the United States. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 16, 441 - 450.
[2] Shao, B., Li, H., Shen, J., & Wu, Y. (2019). Nontargeted Detection Methods for Food Safety and Integrity.. Annual review of food science and technology, 10, 429-455 .
[3] Taboada, E. N., Graham, M., Carriço, J. A., & Domselaar, G. V. (2017). Food Safety in the Age of Next Generation Sequencing, Bioinformatics, and Open Data Access. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8.
[4] Apruzzese, I., Song, E., Bonah, E., Sanidad, V. S., Leekitcharoenphon, P., Medardus, J. J., Abdalla, N., Hosseini, H., & Takeuchi, M. (2019). Investing in Food Safety for Developing Countries: Opportunities and Challenges in Applying Whole-Genome Sequencing for Food Safety Management. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 16, 463 - 473.
[5] Herr, C. M. P. K. A. M. J. M. A. E. C. L. M. O. G. M. (2020). Whole-genome sequencing as part of national and international surveillance programmes for antimicrobial resistance: a roadmap. BMJ Global Health, 5.
[6] Bergšpica, I., Kaprou, G., Alexa, E., Prieto‐Maradona, M., & Álvarez‐Ordoñez, A. (2020). Identification of risk factors and hotspots of antibiotic resistance along the food chain using next‐generation sequencing. EFSA Journal, 18.
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