suppose that there is a wind farm to satisfy a specific amount of load. but the available wind Energy is more than forecasted. The operator dont need excess power ,which is generated by wind farm. How is the solution:
1. The wind farm is able to generate specific amount of power and do not generate more than needed.
2. If excess power by wind farm is generated, it should be used by loads and other thermal units should reduce generation . The small fluctuations will track by control systems.
3. other solutions ?
As in wind farm, induction generators are used, needed to connect with mains, hence the extra power management could be done efficiently, easily with improved power factor by reducing load on generating power plants generators, which are running on fuel, no need of any storing device facility, just by load-frequency control considerable fuel saving could be done automatically. More control of economic generation of plant, could be achieved with equal incremental cost and panelty factor consideration... .....
There should be in place some type of market scheme:
1. One possibility is to accept bids for "going down" (downward secondary regulation) and pass on that cost to the wind farm producers, to penalize the fact that their energy does not come along with "capacity". "Going up" is the equivalent service for reversible hydro pump storage.
2. Alternatively, the wind farmers can be forced to "go down" (either by using pitch control or by disconnecting some of the wind turbines) to balance the system and to avoid paying the regulation service. In case of emergency, when there is shortage of secondary reserve, that's exactly what they have to do.
The economics of balancing the system will tell whether the best option in the long run is to build storage (either paid by the wind farmers or by a third-party to offer regulation services).
I believe the answer to this question varies according to the policies and regulations in each electricity market. Also, weather it's a base load supplier or a peak supplier. Due to uncertainties in wind direction and speed, it is more likely that the wind farm works as a peak supplier. In this cases, to make it compatible with market requirements, we can set the ramp rate limits on wind generation. These constraints are limited to the ramping capabilities of peak-load generators. Some markets even impose a ramp penalty for severe ramp-up/down events of the wind power output. Generally, ramp-up rates can be limited by wind power curtailment. The following paper will definitely help you, although they used a storage unit.
http://www.usaee.org/usaee2012/submissions/OnlineProceedings/USAEE_DueheeLee_JoonhyunKim.pdf
there are many papers that investigated this problem. but i think the following book is the best i find it in this area
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1441974210
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