Patching and penalization of the dominant eye (аpparently) are the best methods for amblyopia treating. But this is a general answer. Individual treatment depends on the patient's characteristics and is prescribed by an ophthalmologist after examination. And of course any treatment for amblyopia works better in early childhood.
Since I’m not a fan of patching and penalization, that suggests there may not be a perfect method. You can read about the work we did with rapid alternation in the research section of my website, https://doctorhussey.com/research/ The amblyopia therapy specific papers are “A Flicker Therapy for the Treatment of Amblyopia,” “Improved Compliance with a Novel…,” “Development of Stereopsis Using Eyetronix Flicker Glass™ to Treat Amblyopia in Congenital Unilateral Post-Cataract-Surgery Aphake,” “Initial evaluation of Eyetronix Flicker Glass…,” “The Neurology of Amblyopia…” For newer research out of China, try https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.622729/full
All of that has to do with rapid alternation. There are some other projects going on, but it’s kind of spotty. Also look at Pinpoint Eyes from Ara Kesheshian. He has liquid crystal glasses with AI directing a patched/non-patched liquid crystal lens system.
Other office-based vision therapy regimens have had success. Here is a list of new references brought to you by the Optometric Extension Program Foundation. Look at that website, too.