If ChatGPT is merged into search engines developed by internet technology companies, will search results be shaped by algorithms to a greater extent than before, and what risks might be involved?
Leading Internet technology companies that also have and are developing search engines in their range of Internet information services are working on developing technological solutions to implement ChatGPT-type artificial intelligence into these search engines. Currently, there are discussions and considerations about the social and ethical implications of such a potential combination of these technologies and offering this solution in open access on the Internet. The considerations relate to the possible level of risk of manipulation of the information message in the new media, the potential disinformation resulting from a specific algorithm model, the disinformation affecting the overall social consciousness of globalised societies of citizens, the possibility of a planned shaping of public opinion, etc. This raises another issue for consideration concerning the legitimacy of creating a control institution that will carry out ongoing monitoring of the level of objectivity, independence, ethics, etc. of the algorithms used as part of the technological solutions involving the implementation of artificial intelligence of the ChatGPT type in Internet search engines, including those search engines that top the rankings of Internet users' use of online tools that facilitate increasingly precise and efficient searches for specific information on the Internet. Therefore, if, however, such a system of institutional control on the part of the state is not established, if this kind of control system involving companies developing such technological solutions on the Internet does not function effectively and/or does not keep up with the technological progress that is taking place, there may be serious negative consequences in the form of an increase in the scale of disinformation realised in the new Internet media. How important this may be in the future is evident from what is currently happening in terms of the social media portal TikTok. On the one hand, it has been the fastest growing new social medium in recent months, with more than 1 billion users worldwide. On the other hand, an increasing number of countries are imposing restrictions or bans on the use of TikTok on computers, laptops, smartphones etc. used for professional purposes by employees of public institutions and/or commercial entities. It cannot be ruled out that new types of social media will emerge in the future, in which the above-mentioned technological solutions involving the implementation of ChatGPT-type artificial intelligence into online search engines will find application. Search engines that may be designed to be operated by Internet users on the basis of intuitive feedback and correlation on the basis of automated profiling of the search engine to a specific user or on the basis of multi-option, multi-criteria search controlled by the Internet user for specific, precisely searched information and/or data. New opportunities may arise when the artificial intelligence implemented in a search engine is applied to multi-criteria search for specific content, publications, persons, companies, institutions, etc. on social media sites and/or on web-based multi-publication indexing sites, web-based knowledge bases.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
If ChatGPT is merged into search engines developed by online technology companies, will search results be shaped by algorithms to a greater extent than before, and what risks might be associated with this?
What is your opinion on the subject?
What do you think about this topic?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dariusz Prokopowicz ,
Machine learning has been integrated into search engines for a while (see for example reference [1-3]). The most prevalent use that I know of is query expansion which provide suggestions for search. Prior to ML implementations, Levenshtein edit distance or dictionaries were used to correct misspellings and provide alternative query words.
There has been a worry for some time of possible preference nudging [4] by AI, machine learning [5] and even search engines themselves. This leads to influence in user behavior that can be amplified by technologies such as ChatGPT. This concern is amplified if implemented in search engines such as Google Scholar and similar scientific literature were the results are dictated not by boolean search results but by biased (in both the technical and common use of the term) algorithms.
Besides nudging, the factual accuracy of ChatGPT is of concern (but covered in your other posts). But taken together, the nudging plus inaccuracy can lead to possible undesired outcomes were individuals are guided towards incorrect decisions without being offered a choice.
References
[1] deep learning for Search (2019) by Tommaso Teofili
[2] Imani, A., Vakili, A., Montazer, A., & Shakery, A. (2019). Deep neural networks for query expansion using word embeddings. In Advances in Information Retrieval: 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019, Cologne, Germany, April 14–18, 2019, Proceedings, Part II 41 (pp. 203-210). Springer International Publishing.
[3] Diaz, F., Mitra, B., & Craswell, N. (2016). Query expansion with locally-trained word embeddings. arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.07891.
[4] de Ridder, D., Kroese, F., & van Gestel, L. (2022). Nudgeability: Mapping conditions of susceptibility to nudge influence. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17(2), 346-359.
[5]Lembcke, T. B., Engelbrecht, N., Brendel, A. B., & Kolbe, L. (2019). To nudge or not to nudge: ethical considerations of digital nudging based on its behavioral economics roots.
I recommend to read this manuscript.
ChatGPT in Academic Writing and Publishing: A Comprehensive Guide
Scientific writing is a difficult task that requires clarity, precision, and rigour. It also involves a large amount of research, analysis, and synthesis of information from various sources. However, scientific writing is also hard, time-consuming, and susceptible to errors. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as ChatGPT, can simplify academic writing and publishing. ChatGPT has many applications and uses in academic and scientific writing and publishing such as hypothesis generation, literature review, safety recommendations, troubleshooting, tips, paraphrasing and summarising, editing, and proofreading, journal selection, journal style formatting, and other applications.
In this book chapter, we will discuss the main advantages, examples, and applications of ChatGPT in academic and scientific writing from research conception to publishing.
Read online.
https://achtago.com/publications/list/chatgpt-in-academic-writing-and-publishing/
Download full text
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369817340_Chapter_2_ChatGPT_in_Academic_Writing_and_Publishing_A_Comprehensive_Guide
If tools such as ChatGPT, after the necessary update and adaptation to current Internet technologies, are combined with search engines developed by Internet technology companies, search results can be shaped by certain complex algorithms, by generative artificial intelligence learned to use and improve complex models for advanced intelligent search of precisely defined topics, intelligent search systems based on artificial neural networks and deep learning. If such solutions are created, it may involve the risk of deliberate shaping of algorithms of advanced Internet search systems, which may generate the risk of interference and influence of Internet search engine technology companies on search results and thus shaping the general social awareness of citizens on specific topics.
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
- Badges
- Science topic