Dear Velibor,

ICT information technologies help to increase the efficiency of the public sector by computerization of the processes of performing repetitive administrative operations, servicing citizens in offices and public institutions, in the scope of providing citizens with information services by local government units and central institutions of the public sector, by tightening the tax system, by increasing the scope of online service citizens, through the automation and standardization of document circulation, shortening the time of performing the above-mentioned activities, services and operations. Digitization and internetization of services offered by public institutions allowed for increasing the efficiency of information exchange and data transfer, electronic transmission of documents between offices and institutions of the public sector and citizens and business entities. The SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic has accelerated the processes of digitization and internationalization of public sector offices and institutions. The process of the development of internet banking and remote work, e-logistics, etc. is also correlated with the digitization and internetisation of public sector offices and institutions. improvement of cybersecurity risk management processes and implementation of new Industry 4.0 technologies to improve electronic data transfer and remote service of official matters, offering information services to citizens via the Internet. On the other hand, thanks to the digitization and Internetisation of public sector offices and institutions, the negative economic and social effects of the pandemic were smaller. Unfortunately, the process of implementing new ICT and Industry 4.0 information technologies to offices and public sector institutions usually proceeds much slower and with lower economic efficiency compared to analogous processes carried out in commercially operating business entities. The analysis of this difference is an important research topic. I have described these issues in some of my articles. These articles are posted on my profile of this Resarch Gate portal. I invite you to research cooperation in this area. The topic is topical, important, and there are many issues for research worth doing.

Best regards,

Dariusz

Dear Velibor Božić ,

I believe this article can answer your question.

Article BMDD: a novel approach for IoT platform (broker-less and mic...

Best regards.

We all know that information and communication technology (ICT) has fundamentally changed our world... ICTs are also very important in solving problems that face our entire planet: the threat of change climate... ICTs are indeed part of the solution.

These technologies are already being used to reduce emissions and help countries adapt to the impacts climate change... Governments and industries that have adopted green development strategy, in the 21st century there will be

environmentalists and leaders in the economy.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a combination of devices and services that collect, transmit and display data and information electronically. This includes personal computers (PCs) and their peripherals, broadband networks and telecommunication devices, and data centers.

According to data released by ITU in October 2010, the number of Internet users in the world has doubled over the past years and will exceed 2 billion in 2010, with most of the new users coming from developing countries. The number of people with Internet access at home increased from 1.4 billion in 2009 to 1.6 billion in 2010, yet only 13.5 percent of them are online.

developing countries. There are significant differences between regions: 65 percent of the population in Europe use the Internet, while in African countries only 9.6 percent have access to it.

With the rapid expansion of broadband content and applications on the Internet, there is increasing demand for high-speed broadband connections, seen as a catalyst for growth. ITU Secretary-General Hamadoun Touré has called broadband "the next tipping point, the next truly transformative technology" –

it can create jobs, serve as a driving force

development and productivity, and underpin long-term economic competitiveness.

ITU Plenipotentiary Conference held in Guadalajara

in October 2010 (PP-10), adopted Resolution 182 "Role of

telecommunications/information and communication technologies in climate change and environmental protection"

This resolution

pointed out the need to help developing countries use ICTs to address climate change and ITU to collaborate with other stakeholders such as GeSI to develop tools to support the use of ICTs by developing countries.

Findings from studies such as the recent GeSI SMART 2020 study clearly show that better use of ICTs can lead to huge reductions in CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent).

ICTs can impact climate change in three main ways:

• reducing emissions in the ICT sector itself by introducing more

efficient equipment and networks;

• reducing emissions and achieving energy efficiency in other sectors by, for example, eliminating the need for travel and replacing physical objects with electronic ones (reducing material intensity);

• Helping developed and developing countries adapt to the adverse effects of climate change through the application of ICT-based weather and environmental monitoring systems worldwide.

Dear Velibor,

ICT certainly helps to increase the efficiency of the public sector by solving many problems that face a government. You can use some indexes to check the impact, sucha as:

*The E-Government Development Index presents the state of E-Government (online government services) Development of the United Nations Member States. Along with an assessment of the website development patterns in a country, the E-Government Development index incorporates the access characteristics, such as the infrastructure and educational levels, to reflect how a country is using information technologies to promote access and inclusion of its people. The EGDI is a composite measure of three important dimensions of e-government, namely: provision of online services, telecommunication connectivity and human capacity.

* The E-Participation Index (EPI) is derived as a supplementary index to the United Nations E-Government Survey. It extends the dimension of the Survey by focusing on the government use of online services in providing information to its citizens or “e-information sharing”, interacting with stakeholders or “e-consultation” and engaging in decision-making processes or “e-decision-making”.

*The Global Open Data Index provides the most comprehensive snapshot available of the state of open government data publication.https://index.okfn.org/place/

There are other factors.

*Digital Divide

*Zero paper offices

*Digitals IDs

*e-voting

*Mapping

*Alerts and services

*online Information and Transparency

*Education and Helth

*e-commerce

*Others

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has raised many expectations about and within public sector management. It is recognized as a powerful tool for change and is believed to have potential for increasing government accountability, transparency, Public Expenditure Management (PEM), etc.

Indeed Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has been consistent in supporting the public sector particularly in the place transparency and accountability.