Am doing a Phd on german colonization in northern Ghana,I interned to us cross culture analysis, ethnography and some archaeological excavation. I will be grateful if suggestion are made as to which other theories i can use.
If you choose to undertake cultural analysis, you have two key options: apply an existing framework or carry out purely inductive research.
Most previous cross-cultural studies have drawn on predetermined bipolar national culture dimensions as theoretical frameworks (see, for example, Hofstede, 1980; House, Hanges, Javidan, Dorfman, & Gupta, 2004; Schwartz, 1994; Trompenaars & Hampden-Turner, 1997). These dimensions are typically derived from large scale deductive/quantitative studies, but are criticized for presenting a static and deterministic view of culture.
Consequently, some researchers have called for alternative methods to cross-cultural research, drawing on interpretive/inductive/qualitative/grounded theory approaches. Given the nature of your research, it may be useful to conduct an inductive, emergent, grounded theory research rather than applying cultural dimensions or theories.
Methodologically, I support what Godfried (see above) recommended. In addition, I suggest to profit from the scientific history of your topic. You'll find a sketch of it in this volume:
Stocking, G. W. (1991). Colonial Situations. Essays on the Contextualization of Ethnographic Knowledge. University of Wisconsin Press.
I wold recommend to use Identity Structure Analysis as metatheoretical framework for your study www.identityexploration.com or the book studies grup Cross-cultural, Society and Clinical contexts by Peter Weinreich and Wendy Saunderson (2003-2012)
In my research I also combined methods using ethnographic interviews, excavation and cross cultural analysis. The theory that worked best for me was historical materialism in combination with a post modern twist. Finding the link to smooth out the different theories and methods took some time. In addition, I found a case study that summed up the settlement patterns nicely once the theory section of the research worked for what I wanted to do.