i add substance with ph = 11 to study the effect of ph on adsorption of dye on surface but i get negative value of absorbance using uv spectrophotometer after shaking 1 hour
Negative absorbance have no physical meaning and is due to experimental error. Search ResearchGate on "negative absorbance" and go through the discussions. If you are still not satisfied with the answers please provide the spectra of yours so we can have a look at it.
Phenols typically would change color with changes in pH. I would dissolve the dye in pH 11 and set the absorbance to zero prior to the addition of the substance you want to test.