I found this growth part inside papaya fruit, what might be the reason for this?

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Mirzakhmet Syzdykov

This could be the residue mass of the rudimental nature.

Sunil Chalak

Dear, it is a disorder of papaya which is more prominently seen in hermaphrodite papayas. Its mainly due to proliferation of tissues ( rudimentary pistil structure) in the seed cavity. This structure can be extended from central axis of the receptacle or from the placenta.

Prakash Shah

Thank you dear professor @Sunil Chalak🙏