I'm afraid you have the wrong idea about vaccines. A vaccine is an agent that primes the immune system to recognize the microorganism prior to exposure of the animal or person to the microorganism. The vaccine consists of a weakened strain of the microorganism, or a killed microorganism, or an isolated component (protein or carbohydrate) found on the surface of the microorganism. The vaccine may also include an adjuvant, a general immune system stimulant.

An example of a chemical compound that inhibits the growth of a microorganism is an antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of or kills bacteria. They have various mechanisms of action. There are also antifungal drugs, antiviral drugs, and antiparasitic drugs.

I'm afraid you have the wrong idea about vaccines. A vaccine is an agent that primes the immune system to recognize the microorganism prior to exposure of the animal or person to the microorganism. The vaccine consists of a weakened strain of the microorganism, or a killed microorganism, or an isolated component (protein or carbohydrate) found on the surface of the microorganism. The vaccine may also include an adjuvant, a general immune system stimulant.

An example of a chemical compound that inhibits the growth of a microorganism is an antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of or kills bacteria. They have various mechanisms of action. There are also antifungal drugs, antiviral drugs, and antiparasitic drugs.

Vaccine mediated/generated immune response is what is assessed to determine protection against microorganism(s).

Usually a surrogate is used to evaluate hosts’ immunity and defense against the pathogen following effective immunization.

Please review the following few articles  

Konduri V(1), Decker WK, Halpert MM, Gilbert B, Safdar A.

Modeling dendritic cell vaccination for influenza prophylaxis: potential

applications for niche populations. J Infect Dis. 2013 Jun 1;207(11):1764-72.

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients can exhibit negligible responses to prophylactic

vaccinations, including influenza vaccination. To help address this issue, we

developed in vitro and in vivo models of dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy for

the prevention of influenza virus infection.

METHODS: Human cord blood (CB)-derived or mouse splenocyte-derived DCs were

loaded with purified recombinant hemagglutinin (rHA). T-cell responses to

HA-loaded CB-derived DCs were determined by ELISpot. Protective efficacy was

determined by vaccination of BALB/c mice with a single injection of 10(6)

autologous DCs. DC migration to peripheral lymphoid organs was verified by

carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester staining, and HA-specific antibody titers

were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mice were then challenged

intranasally with BALB/c-adapted A/New Caledonia influenza virus derived from

four consecutive lung pool passages. Antigen-presenting cell (APC) dysfunction

was modeled using the MAFIA transgenic system, in which the Csf1r promoter

conditionally drives AP20178-inducible Fas.

RESULTS: CB-derived human DCs were able to generate de novo T-cell responses

against rHA, as determined by a system of rigorous controls. Mice vaccinated

intraperitoneally developed HA titers detectable at serum dilutions of >1:1000.

HA seroconverters survived virus challenge, whereas unvaccinated controls and

vaccinated nonseroconverters lost weight and died. Furthermore, use of a model of

APC-specific immunosuppression revealed that DC vaccination could generate

HA-specific antibody titers under conditions in which protein vaccination could

not.

CONCLUSIONS: The model demonstrates that DC immunotherapy for the prevention of

influenza is feasible, and studies are underway to determine whether populations

of immunosuppressed individuals might ultimately benefit from the procedure.

Safdar A(1), Decker WK, Li S, Xing D, Robinson SN, Yang H, Steiner D, Rodriguez

G, Shpall EJ, Bollard C. De novo T-lymphocyte responses against baculovirus-derived recombinant influenzavirus hemagglutinin generated by a naive umbilical cord blood model of dendritic cell vaccination. Vaccine. 2009 Mar 4;27(10):1479-84.

Cancer patients and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation exhibit

a negligible response to influenza vaccine. Toward the goal of addressing this

issue, we developed an in vitro model of dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy

utilizing DCs generated from naïve umbilical cord blood (UCB). UCB DCs were

loaded with purified rHA protein and used to stimulate autologous T-lymphocytes.

Upon recall with HA-loaded autologous DC, a 4-10-fold increase in the number of

IFN-gamma producing T-lymphocytes was observed in comparison to T-cells

stimulated with control DCs. Antigen-specific T-cell functionality was determined

by (51)Cr lytic assay. Using a peptide library of predicted HA binding epitopes,

we mapped an HA-specific, DR15-restricted CD4 T-cell epitope and observed

tetramer positive cells. This model demonstrates that HA-specific immune

responses might possibly be generated in a de novo fashion and suggests that

dendritic cell immunotherapy for the prevention of influenza in populations of

immunosuppressed individuals could be feasible.

Dear Vinesh,

Your definition and concept for a vaccine is not right. I am giving some insight into vaccines and its mechanism.

A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease and can be administered through needle injections, by mouth, or by aerosol. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. These agents stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the microbes as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.

Vaccines are used for prophylactic purpose. Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antigen-specific humoral (antibody mediated) and cellular immunity (cell mediated immunity).

For more information please find attached herewith the document.

Hope this will help a lot.

Good Luck.

Thanks Shiv Shankar Bingi. Nice and helpful information.

Hai a vaccine is weakend pat of disease causing microorganisim, otherwise, live, attenuated, killed, inactivated part of microorganisms, furthermore it is used against that particular disease before exposure (Pre Exposure prophylaxis)

it elicit immunogenicity to the host, produce the memory cells, to avoid future infection.