Meats are often protected with lactate or acetate. Look up "fermented meat products", which will lead you to various sausages and other products. Fermented and pickled fish probably falls into this category.
See: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/fermented-meat-products. The concern here is bacterial/fungal spoilage.
In addition to bacterial and fungal spoilage, food can oxidize and discolor. Look up anti-oxidants. Some fruit has a molecular mode of spoilage, such as apples turning brown when sliced. Simple salt or citrate interfere with this process.
You can add any extract of the plants which meet your intention. For example, the essential oil some of the plants have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, there for spoiled food due to oxidation and microbial degradation could be avoided. Furthermore, some of them could enrich the flavor, enhance beneficial compounds (vitamins, micronutrients, etc), increase the structure and color of the food.