I have a pairwise matrix of resistance values (obtained from Circuitscape) that I would like to use as an independent variable in a dbRDA analysis. I got this from a paper:

"Using a z-transfor- mation, we then standardized the pairwise values of mean effective resistance between sites for the four vari- ables and used these standardized values as indepen- dent variables in linear regressions. We standardized resistances so that parameter estimates for each variable would be comparable"

Does anyone know how to do this or know of any other way to transform a pairwise matrix?

Eg. from this:

       1       2       3

1     0      0.7    0.8

2    0.7     0      0.5

3    0.8    0.5     0

To something like this:

1   x

2   y

3   z

Where x,y,z are standardized values

Thanks!

Chan