Yes, from the FTIR and SEM analysis one can test the self healing character. For example, in one of works, the chitosan solutions were added to epoxy dye as a polymer matrix. Later these polymer composites were coated with glass substrates and dried at room temperature for 24 hrs.
Then, these samples were scratched to get thin cracks and were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy by recording the spectra in the range of 4000 to 400 cm-1 . Then the FTIR of these samples were recorded at regular intervals. By checking for the characteristic peaks of chitosan around 1450 cm-1, 748 cm-1 , and 2950 cm-1 due to different vibration modes of the functional groups in chitosan, you can interpret self healing character of chitosan.
From SEM, it can be understood more easily. By looking at the SEM images of the scratched samples later, they have seen clearly the spanning of the gap of the thin scratch. I hope the answer will help in giving you a basic understanding of the concept.