How to separate Cu/CuO particles from Cu/CuO/C mixture ?

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Alessandro Rizzo

In order to separate Cu/CuO particles from a Cu/CuO/C mixture, you can follow these steps:

Convert Cu and CuO to soluble salts: Add an aqueous solution of a suitable acid, such as H2SO4 or HNO3, to the mixture. This will react with Cu and CuO, forming soluble copper salts (copper sulfate or copper nitrate, respectively), while the carbon (C) will remain insoluble.

Cu + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2 CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O

Cu + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + H2 CuO + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + H2O

Filtration: After reacting with the acid, filter the solution to separate the insoluble carbon from the soluble copper salts. The residue on the filter will be mainly carbon.

Recover Cu from copper salts: To recover Cu from the soluble copper salts, you can use either of these methods:a. Electrolysis: Perform electrolysis on the copper salt solution using inert electrodes (such as graphite or platinum). This will cause the Cu ions to plate onto the cathode, while the corresponding anions (SO4²⁻ or NO3⁻) will be oxidized at the anode.b. Displacement: Add a more reactive metal, such as zinc or iron, to the copper salt solution. This will displace the Cu ions from the solution, forming solid Cu metal and dissolving the other metal as its corresponding salt.

For example, if you have a CuSO4 solution:

Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu

After the displacement reaction is complete, you can filter and collect the solid Cu metal.

It's worth mentioning that the flotation issue you experienced with the HCl solution might be due to the presence of a surfactant or another component affecting the mixture's ability to interact with the liquid. Make sure to use a clean, surfactant-free acid solution and ensure thorough mixing to avoid similar issues in the future.

Narayan Gyawali

Thanks Alessandro Rizzo!

I appreciate your suggestion but I did not use any surfactant or another component affecting the mixture's ability to interact with the liquid.

Dear Narayan Gyawali ok no problem. Thank you for the clarification. In light of this information, you can try an alternative approach for separating Cu/CuO particles from the Cu/CuO/C mixture:

Levigation: First, mix the Cu/CuO/C mixture with a liquid in which the copper particles will not dissolve, such as water or ethanol. This will create a slurry. Stir the slurry gently to promote settling of the carbon particles due to their lower density compared to the Cu/CuO particles. The Cu/CuO particles will remain suspended in the liquid.

Decantation: Carefully pour off the liquid, containing the suspended Cu/CuO particles, into a separate container, leaving the settled carbon behind. You may need to repeat the levigation and decantation steps multiple times to ensure a good separation of the Cu/CuO particles from the carbon.

Filtration: Filter the decanted liquid to collect the Cu/CuO particles on the filter paper. After the liquid has passed through, allow the Cu/CuO particles to dry.

Convert Cu/CuO to soluble salts: As mentioned earlier, add an aqueous solution of a suitable acid (e.g., H2SO4 or HNO3) to the dried Cu/CuO particles. This will react with Cu and CuO, forming soluble copper salts, while leaving the carbon insoluble.

Filtration: Filter the solution again to separate the soluble copper salts from any remaining carbon.

Recover Cu from copper salts: Follow either the electrolysis or displacement method mentioned in the previous answer to recover Cu from the soluble copper salts.

Make sure to properly mix and use a clean acidic solution during this process.

Regards,

Thanks, a lot Alessandro Rizzo !!!

You're welcome Narayan Gyawali