The theoretical and conceptual framework explains the path of research and grounds it firmly in theoretical constructs. The overall aim of the two frameworks is to make research findings more meaningful, acceptable to the theoretical constructs in the research field, and ensure generalizability. They assist in stimulating research while ensuring the extension of knowledge by providing both direction and impetus to the research inquiry. They also enhance the empiricism and rigor of research. Thus, it is no exaggeration for Imenda (2014) to say that both the theoretical and conceptual frameworks give life to research. Unfortunately, many postgraduate students and faculty staff at universities are confused about the two terms and apply them wrongly in their research papers. As a result, their research findings become weak because of the inappropriate application of a suitable theoretical framework and/or conceptual framework. This blurs the understanding of readers of the research paper who are lost, not knowing the purpose of the study, the importance of the study, and the scholars the researcher is in dialogue with, whether in agreement or disagreement (Evan, 2007). Research without the theoretical or conceptual framework makes it difficult for readers in ascertaining the academic position and the underlying factors to the researcher's assertions and/or hypotheses. This renders the research sloppy and not appreciable as contributing significantly to the advancement of the frontiers of knowledge.

Ishtiaque Arif Thank you.

Your research should be underpinned by the existing theoretical framework/s. However, when you apply the framework via your instrument and collect neccesary data and thereafter various statistical testing, the results will determine the most applicable and/or significant constructs of the framework in 'your study'. This will then allow you to plot your conceptual framework based the results of your study.