How to increase the fluorescence of small organic molecule? If tethering is suggested what will be the best choice?
Dear Shaikh,
You can increase the conjugation in the molecule. For better understanding the factor which increase the fluorescence in molecule. You can read the following
https://application.wiley-vch.de/books/sample/3527316698_c01.pdf
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/166195/6/08_chapter%201.pdf
Last link is for the fluorophore motif
Not sure what exactly you are looking for. Probably you are aiming at the increase of the fluorescence quantum yield. However, if you are looking only at the specific emission/detection wavelength (window), then shift of emission band would also help.
Also the nature " small organic molecule " plays a key role. If you need to keep the specific structure, than you can play around with solvent, co-solvent, temperature, media properties such as viscosity. If you need to keep just the fluorophore structure, but can play with the substituents around, than you might add a couple donor-acceptor system or two, or prolong the conjugated system as Ravi Kumar suggested - but then you will have different chemical substance.There are actually many reviews on the structure-properties relationship in specific fluorophore gruops and in general. You might look into the works of e.g., Luke Lavis and surf the references. If you can freely mingle with the structure, than you might even change fluorophore for something electronically similar (such within a coumarine/xanthene/BODIPY families) or construct a dyad. There are countless possibilities and unfortunatelly your question is too broad; actually it is something like "how to make a tree more green?" If you will be more specific, we can help you with more details...
But if you are looking only into the emission intensity increase, then you simply use stronger excitation source...
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