The colour-space co-ordinates you use and thereby describe apparent visual uniformity in your book rests on two key factors. Firstly, you need a good quality colour measurement and calibration system to identify and specify individual colours, see for example the websites of Chromashare Photoshop and Datacolor. Secondly, you need a good colour mixture method and a robust and accurate quality control system that is capable of delivering the same colour time after time. I suggest in your book you first simply warn your readers of the complexity of colour uniformity modelling. You then emphasize the need for quality control and stress the importance of the above introductory remarks and websites. Finally, you then offer something like the following as a more detailed overview.

Overview:

The Munsell system has pleasing visual-difference uniformity and its numeric scaling is specified by reference to the CIE Standard Observer XYZ tristimulus co-ordinates. However, as shown in the Luo and Rigg image, the XYZ co-ordinate space thus quantified does not directly represent numerically uniform colour difference space; and does not intended to quantify just-visible colour differences. The CIE1976 LAB uniform color system (more correctly the CIE L*a*b* model) is likewise specified by reference to the CIE XYZ values, but it actively seeks to linearize its scaling and maximize its colour uniformity of XYZ space. To achieve this the mapping from CIE XYZ values onto the CIE L*a*b* model is referenced to a large additional database of experimental visual difference judgements; and derived by a complex nonlinear three dimensional projection of XYZ space.

Hu Zhe CIE 1931 coordinates are based on color matching data and on nothing about appearance, and the later CIE 1964 and 1976 are transformed from the 1931 for specifying color differences rather than the color appearance. Munsell "color notations" were built for representing equal appearance on each scale, but not perfect (see Indow, T. (1988). Multidimensional studies of Munsell color solid. Psychological Review, 95, 456-470.) However, using the Munsell system to talk about uniformity is much more appropriate. By now there is not a truly uniform system in color appearance.

孫慶文

David Oulton Thank you very much for your answer. Maybe I didn't make it clear, "a book of color" is not a publication, but a "color card", like the Munsell book of color or Gemdialogue, an album with many color chips. Observing a set of color cards with naked eyes, the arrangement of color chips is somewhat irregular, so if I test their Lab values to illustrate the problem of color cards, will it not be convincing because of the CIE1976 LAB color system is not uniform enough?

So the study of Indow (1988) provides the direct answer to your question.

Dear Hu Zhe

I have published two significant papers on this topic in which I introduced a novel approach to colour uniformity modelling. The idea is to invert the problem and map the experimental data onto a reference model in the form of an axiomatically uniform colour space or UCS called a ‘Grassmann Structure’. You may find the text a bit hard-going but the key bit on uniformity modelling is in ‘Notes Toward…’ on p 165. See:- 'Notes Toward a Verifiable Vector Algebraic Basis for Colorimetric Modelling Color Res & App 2009 Voll. 34 / 2 pp 163 - 169' and

Vector‐based modelling of colour difference: a pilot study of the DE 2000 colour difference model DP Oulton, S Westland - Coloration Technology, 2017

David Oulton I'm very grateful to you for your kindness~