How to estimate total electron content?

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Why in some wavelengths there are "overflows" in my Carbon dot UV-Vis Spectroscopy results(Emission segment)?

Hi everyone I have got this test in a fixed excitation and various emissions. In some wavelengths there are overflows which make the resulted analyze different from other carbon dots. Is it normal...

18 July 2024 4,244 2 View

Hey there, What is The best recommended solvent( safe for use) to dissolve or remove Z-90 Adhesive from ceramic surfaces ?

as of my knowledge z90 is acrylic based sealant adhesive.

09 July 2024 8,660 4 View

I want to find a book related to cosmetic formulation, can I?

books related to cosmetic formulation

08 July 2024 7,561 0 View

How can I select in f2 segregated populations by molecular marker (MAS) in canola (Brassica napus)?

How can I select desired traits in f2 segregated populations by molecular marker (MAS) in canola (Brassica napus)? (for example markers associated with spring or winter type cultivar, yield-...

14 June 2024 9,525 0 View

Why my R2 value is low for qPCR curve?

I am a beginner in qPCR but I have good pipetting skills. the last two times I ran qpcr using templates with known concentration to generate standard curve my R2 is either 0.8 or 0.75 not higher....

25 July 2023 5,831 0 View

What are the significance of R and R^2 in regression analysis?

In finding the correlation and regression of multivariable distribution what is the significance of R and R^2? What is the main relation between them?

30 March 2023 8,867 4 View

How to speed-up the simulation without a GPU?

My computer has no GPU. In this situation how can I speed-up my simulations in MATLAB computing?

24 January 2023 773 8 View

How to structure the first-order representation of second-order dynamical systems?

I want to structure the second-order dynamical systems in the form of first-order representation. There are several first-order representations that exist, which is the most appropriate one?

01 December 2022 3,124 3 View

How to include a decreasing loop within an increasing loop in MATLAB?

I want to write an algorithm for the Crank-Nicholson method (Gauss-Jordan process), where the back substitution is required in the original incremental loop. How can I do it?

30 November 2022 4,450 4 View

Why Frequency Increases with the reducing of patch size and why Frequency decreases with the increasing of patch size of a Microstrip or CPW antenna?

Microstrip patch antenna or Coplanar waveguide antennas resonant frequency can be tuned by by increasing and decreasing patch size. I want to know the exact reason for it. Seems like...

27 August 2022 4,230 6 View

How can I prepare virus for a TEM or SEM imaging?

I have virus (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) in suspension and the experiment will not involve cells. What level of TCID50 is preferred?

11 August 2024 3,115 1 View

1. If I can quantize the atom using this hyperbolic spiral and classical physics, could nature do the same?

If we map as a continuous motion an ionising electron (beginning its journey at n=1) in an H atom, a specific hyperbolic spiral appears (see animation). When we solve this spiral formula, we find...

07 August 2024 5,343 2 View

Is there anyone with experience in TEM analysis who can assist with a manuscript for an upcoming journal?

Hello dear colleagues, We have prepared a manuscript on NiTi-based alloys and are seeking a second opinion on our current TEM results. If you are a Ph.D. holder with experience in TEM and have...

07 August 2024 9,563 0 View

Which distribution type should I use when calculating the average particle size from TEM image? and how to calculate the error ?

average particle size calculation from TEM

04 August 2024 2,921 1 View

Why reactivity isn't increased with more empty spots in valence shell?

If from a geometric perspective the non-halogens, non-noble gases have more empty spots in their valence shell, and the filling/exiting of any of the empty spots in the shell constitutes a...

03 August 2024 4,787 2 View

Why is the molecule's orientation with an electric field affect polarizability?

Why is the molecule's orientation with an electric field affect polarizability? Electrons are diffuse enough to be independent with respect to orientation and effect of electric field on...

03 August 2024 7,843 1 View

Why doesn't chromium 2+ ion use all its d-orbitals to receive lone pairs from six waters in [Cr(H20)6)]3+?

I'm guessing it's because the ligand experiences too much electron repulsion or proton repulsion from the chromium to insert them close to the 3d-orbitals which are close to the metal nucleus. Is...

03 August 2024 1,370 1 View

Is it necessary to covary exogenous constructs in a structural model?

I am working on a SEM model where i have 7 latent variables (6 exogenous and 1 endogenous). In AMOS when I co-vary the exogenous constructs, only 2 paths are coming significant out of 6. But when...

03 August 2024 6,028 4 View

Why aren't most metal oxides insoluble in water?

Why BaO (s) + H2O(l) ---> Ba 2+(aq) + 2 OH - (aq) if Oxygen loves owning all the electrons, why would it bind to hydrogen which competes with Oxygen for electron ownership more so than...

03 August 2024 5,392 1 View

Why do paired electrons atoms produce no magnetic field lines?

If you think of electrons with spin as bar magnets, you know bar magnets of opposite polarity as long as they're not occupying the same spatial location don't cancel out each other's magnetic...

03 August 2024 3,927 2 View

Muhammad Ali

Have a look at https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/eps1998/54/1/54_1_63/_pdf

and the attachment.

Mahtab Nezam

Thanks for your reply Muhammad Ali

i know about the theory

i want MATLAB code for this

Ashok Silwal

You just obtain GPS rinex data from all the available data source and you need to calibrate it to derive the TEC. There are various sites for that. I mostly use Ciraolo's Calibration technique, which you can find here.

https://arplsrv.ictp.it/