This one is also a must-read by Texas A&M University. Do check this out for comparison of various algorithms for the same and also for understanding the flow of the process.
Also, I would like to suggest you go through this new EMOJI based python ML Library EMOT. It can help you extract various types of emoji from the text. For details see: https://github.com/NeelShah18/emot
It might be useful for adding new variations to your project.
If you need any specific types please comment the same.